THE 45-DAY LAW
Signed on October 26, 2001 — just 45 days after the attacks — this 342-page law gave the government new search powers.
What is the PATRIOT Act?
In June 2013 this 29-year-old NSA contractor handed thousands of classified documents to journalists.
Who is Edward Snowden?
The FBI recorded 28 anti-Muslim hate crimes in 2000. In 2001 it recorded this number — a jump of about 1,600 percent.
What is 481?
Created in 2003 inside a new counterterrorism department, this agency is now the country's main immigration enforcement body.
What is ICE?
Giving up one thing in order to get another thing — the word at the center of this whole unit.
What is a trade-off?
The Senate passed that law by this lopsided vote.
What is 98 to 1?
Who called whom, when, and for how long — this is the word for that kind of phone data.
What is metadata?
Four days after the attacks, this man was shot and killed while planting flowers outside his gas station in Mesa, Arizona.
Who is Balbir Singh Sodhi?
ICE absorbed this older agency, whose initials stood for Immigration and Naturalization Service.
What is the INS?
Watching or collecting information about everyone, not just about suspects.
What is mass surveillance?
He was the only senator to vote no, warning that a police state would catch more terrorists — but would not be America.
Who is Senator Russ Feingold?
This intelligence director told a Senate hearing "not wittingly," then later called his answer clearly erroneous.
Who is James Clapper?
Sodhi was not Muslim. He belonged to this faith, whose men often wear a turban.
What is Sikh?
Flock Safety's AI cameras automatically read these on every passing car, plus its color and make.
What are license plates?
Your rights — the things the government is not allowed to take away.
What are civil liberties?
Under Section 215, agents no longer had to show this Fourth Amendment standard before collecting records.
What is probable cause?
Congress ended bulk phone-record collection in 2015 by passing this act.
What is the USA FREEDOM Act?
This 2002 "special registration" program fingerprinted men from two dozen countries and produced no known terrorism convictions.
What is NSEERS?
A Columbus, Ohio audit of nearly 19.7 million camera searches found this many were run by ICE.
What is zero — none?
In a debate, before you answer your opponent's point, this is the one thing you must do first.
What is repeat their point?
This nickname describes a search where agents enter a home first and notify the owner later.
What is a "sneak and peek" search?
The secret court that ordered Verizon to hand over call records every day operates under this four-letter acronym.
What is the FISA court?
Speaking at the Islamic Center of Washington six days after the attacks, the President said the face of terror is not the true faith of Islam — and that Islam is this.
What is peace?
Historians use this two-word term for a tool built for one purpose that expands into another.
What is mission creep?
A person who reveals secret wrongdoing to the public — the word one side used for Snowden.
What is a whistleblower?