Urbanization
The movement of people from the countryside to growing cities.
What is urbanization?
Early city governments were often run by these informal groups of people.
What were political machines?
Coming to the U.S. to escape oppression, poverty, religious discrimination, and ethnic persecution.
What are pull factors?
Native Americans were forced to move onto these government run lands.
What are reservations?
This 1896 event led to a large migration of prospectors to Western Canada.
What was the Klondike Gold Rush?
His improved farm machinery increased production and caused many farmers to move to cities.
Who was Cyrus McCormick?
These corrupt leaders provided jobs and services to immigrants in exchange for votes.
What were party bosses?
Coming to the U.S. in search of freedom and economic opportunity.
What are pull factors?
The Battle of Little Bighorn is just one part of this decades long campaign to take over Native American lands.
What were the Indian Wars?
This was first completed in 1869, connected the East and West Coasts, and decreased travel time.
What was the transcontinental railroad?
Besides rural migration to growing cities, this process also contributed to urbanization.
What is immigration?
This is how political bosses benefited from their positions of power.
What was receiving votes to stay in office and then use office to provide contracts to business connections who then pay bribes (kickbacks)?
From 1880 to 1920, increasing numbers of "New Immigrants" came from what parts of Europe?
What are Southern and Eastern Europe?
This 1887 law attempted to divide native land into farming plots in an attempt to assimilate the nomadic hunters.
What was the Dawes Act?
This geographic region East of the Rocky Mountains lacks sufficient rainfall and has tough soil and few trees.
What are the Great Plains?
These are crowded, multi-family housing units where most of the poor lived in cities.
What are tenements?
He was one of the most notorious political bosses in New York City during the 1860's.
Who was William "Boss" Tweed?
This is a term for people who opposed immigrants because they took jobs and refused to assimilate.
What are nativists?
This is the process of forcing Native Americans to dress, speak, and act like other Americans.
What is Americanization?
These were profitable when there was still an open range and before wide use of barbed wire ended them.
What were cattle drives?
These are at least 3 problems associated with the growth of early cities.
What are lack of services (such as hospitals, police, transportation, sewers, etc), crime, pollution, and corruption?
This was the Democratic political machine of New York City (named after a famous building there).
What was Tammany Hall?
This law was the first in 1882 to ban immigration of a certain group of people to the United States.
What was the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?
This 1924 law gave native peoples rights under the Constitution.
What was the American Indian Citizenship Act?
This law was a federal effort to help settle the Great Plains, offering 160 acres of land to any who made improvements on it for 5 years.
What was the Homestead Act of 1862?