Native American History
He was a chief and military leader of the Myaamia people.
Who is Little Turtle?
In the 1970s, this organization occupied the site of an infamous massacre (1890) to protest U.S. Native American policies.
What is the AIM occupation of Wounded Knee?
Lewis and Clark were part of this group, tasked with exploring Louisiana Territory and to find a route to the Pacific Ocean.
What is the Corps of Discovery?
Narcissa Whitman -> Oregon Trail :: ? -> Santa Fe Trail
Who is Susan Shelby Magoffin?
"The frontier closhed in 1890, I tell you! And by the way, it created thish here American democrashy!"
Who is Frederick Jackson Turner?
She was a translator for Cortez and facilitated the conquest of the Aztec Empire.
Who is Malinche?
This war -- and its dates -- gave the United States lands in today's California, Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Nevada.
This explorer and backwoodsman famously cleared and leveled the Warrior's Path, which allowed settlers to travel to the First American West. (Indigenous Name required!)
Who is Big Turtle?
These two types of mining use: 1) surface material, common to panning for gold; 2) water pressure to remove unwanted debris.
What are placer and hydraulic?
You whipper-shnappers and you're democratic socialism! That ain't shquat! I was the real deal back in my day, founding the American Railway Union and becoming a true American socialist.
Who was Eugene Debs?
Captured in 1886, this Apache leader fought against dispossession in southern New Mexico, Arizona, and the Mexican North, and frustrated the U.S. Government.
Who was Geronimo?
This massacre (and its year) took place in southern Colorado, when Colonel John Chivington attacked Arapaho and Cheyenne peoples.
What is the Sand Creek Massacre of 1864?
In the early 20th century, the federal government passed this act to provide irrigation water for settlers in today's Southwest.
What is the Reclamation Act?
The first millionaire in American history, this early trader founded an empire on the Oregon coast, where he made a literal killing selling furs.
Who is John Jacob Astor?
Yo era Señor Desnudo! Viajé con mis compañeros por el Sudoeste, un esclavo de los indios, desesperado por comida, y luego un curador de fé. Aún mas, yo era parte del Imperio Español!
(I was the Naked One! I traveled with my people in the Southwest, a slave to Indians, desperate for food, and later a faith-healer. What's more, I was a part of the Spanish Empire!)
Who was Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca?
This act made crimes like murder or rape, committed by Native Americans on reservation lands, punishable in a U.S. federal court.
What is the Major Crimes Act?
This group of Native Americans famously fought against settlers in the San Diego-Tijuana corridor during the 18th century.
Who are the Kumeyaay Indians?
These settlers--farmers throughout the Midwest and Far West--created this organization to combat income inequality during the Gilded Age, and to fight against exploitation by the railroad companies.
What is the Farmers' Alliance? (Also: Populist Party)
This famous trading post in Saskatchewan was built in the 1770s by the Hudson's Bay Company, and was a key trading post for the British Empire.
What is Cumberland House?
Bully! I charged up San Juan Hill and was the model of American masculinity!
Who was Theodore Roosevelt?
This group of Native Americans inhabited lands in much of today's Georgia and sent trading parties several times to Cuba in the eighteenth century.
Who are the Creeks?
This company traded and fought with and against Aleuts in the eighteenth century, coveting their furs and seeking to sell them to Chinese markets.
What is the Russian-American Company?
This famous act (and year) established land grant universities throughout the American West, meant to train settlers in the science of agriculture and mechanics (A&M).
What is the Morrill Act (1862)?
Once a key trading post in the West, with Owl Woman at its center, Bent's Fort continues to stand here today (specific corner and region of a current U.S. state).
What is southeastern Colorado?
"The frontier didn't close, man! Like, right on! Any kind of border just leads to a contestation of space, and is meant to be crossed, bro! That's basically what I said when I flapped my gums about borderlands theory, pushing back against the frontier thesis. It's all about the borderlands, about flows back and forth, and not about conquest, man! Seriously, what a buzz kill! By the way, dude, who am I?"
Who is Herbert Eugene Bolton?