Vocabulary
This word describes the study of what makes up the Earth, and of what forces change it over time.
What is Geology?
These are the four layers of the Earth, named in order from outermost to innermost.
the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core
This type of volcano has erupted in the past 10,000 years.
active volcano?
What type of story or genre helps explain unpredictable natural events?
Myth
The first expedition to the bottom of the Mariana Trench took place on January 23 2020.
Where does the comma go in this sentence?
January 23, 2020
In the sentence from paragraph 5, “Japan has one of the most advanced earthquake early warning systems in the world.”
The word advanced most nearly means —
highly developed or traditional?
highly developed
What is the Earth's largest and thickest layer?
The mantle
Many volcanoes gradually become high, cone-shaped mountains. What type of volcanoes like Mount Vesuvius and Mount Fuji have this type of shape?
What is a stratovolcano or composite volcano?
True or False. Volcano myths often explain volcanic activity by describing how gods and goddesses cause volcano related occurrences.
True
Tsunamis can be very _________ , moving up to 500 miles per hour.
Choose the correct word that completes the sentence.
tasty, easy, temporary, speedy
speedy
This word describes the process in which natural forces such as water and wind move sediments to a new location.
erosion
What do seismic waves do?
A. Make volcanoes erupt
B. Cause the ground to shake
C. Stop earthquakes
D. Cool the Earth
B. cause the ground to shake
This type of volcano has not erupted in the past 10,000 years and is unlikely to erupt again.
extinct volcano
Moving apart, colliding, and sliding sideways past one another are 3 ways these things move. What are they?
tectonic plates
A mid-ocean ridge can form along a huge __________________ , or crack, in Earth’s crust.
Which of these words belong in the blank?
photograph, biography, rupture, eruption
The earthquake’s epicenter was on the ocean floor off Japan’s eastern coast.
A. The place where the earthquake causes the most damage
B. The point deep inside Earth where plates meet
C. The location on Earth’s surface above where an earthquake begins
C. The location on Earth’s surface above where an earthquake begins
Earthquakes that occur in the crust forming the ocean bottom can cause the seafloor to shift. This shift can cause seawater, from the ocean bottom to its surface, to suddenly start to move. The result is a gigantic wave called a ____________.
True or False. Tsunamis can travel as much as 500 miles an hour.
True
This has NUMBERS that describe the intensity of earthquakes based on the largest seismic wave recorded.
Richter scale
Geologists found fossils of an ancient fern in similar rock layers in Africa India Australia and South America.
Which words would be separated by a comma?
Africa, India, Australia, and South America
(3 commas in a series)
This type of an instrument that detects and records ground motion from seismic waves, primarily from earthquakes, and has jagged up-and-down lines that show the energy of seismic waves.
seismograph
These are all evidence of what hypothesis?
-Similar rock formations and fossils found on different continents
-The coastlines of Africa and South America fit together like puzzle pieces
-Identical mineral deposits found on different continents
-Warm-climate fossils found in Antarctica
What is continental drift?
What is the name of the famous geyser in Yellowstone National Park?
Old Faithful
Which detail best describes the difference between stories and scientific explanations?
A. Earthquakes happen on the West Coast
B. Animals have human thoughts and actions
C. The ground shakes violently
D. People depend on natural resources
B. Animals have human thoughts and actions
What if wondered Wegener continents were like enormous pieces of ice?
Rewrite this sentence using commas and quotation marks in the appropriate places.
"What if," wondered Wegner, "continents were like enormous pieces of ice?"