Science Basics
What is the definition of science?
The path to gaining knowledge about the natural world.
What is the independent variable in an experiment?
The factor that is manipulated/changed on purpose.
What is the base unit for time?
Seconds
How many seconds are in 20 minutes? Show DA set up.
1200 seconds
What is the difference between a scientific law and theory?
Laws DESCRIBE phenomena
Theories EXPLAIN phenomena
What is the measurable outcome of an experiment?
Dependent variable
Why do we use scientific notation?
To represent really large/small hard to work with numbers.
Give an example of a hypothesis in an if/then format.
Varies. If ______ then________
What are controls and why are they used?
Variables that remain constant in an experiment. Used for comparison and to make sure the experiment is only testing one thing at a time.
This is the SI prefix for 1/100 or .01.
What is centi?
Convert using DA: 13.09 m to cm
1309 cm
What are the two types of data used in experiments? Given an example of both as well to earn points.
Quantitative - 2 seconds
Qualitative - red liquid
Set up a graph. Label your axis's and indicate what variable goes where.
Y vertical dependent, X horizontal independent
Conver 4,800 mL to L
4.8 L
Convert the following number to scientific notation:
.000000000040685
4.0685 x 10 ^ -11
What has to happen for a hypothesis to be fully accepted in the scientific community?
Must be supported by the experiment results first, then must be supported by the work of other scientists under peer review.
Example Experiment: A student wants to find out if sugar dissolves faster in warm or cold water by placing equal amounts of sugar in both, measuring the time to dissolve, and comparing the results to see if warm water dissolves sugar more quickly.
What are the independent and dependent variables of this experiment? What are two things that should remain controlled/constant?
I: Temperature of water
D: Time it takes for sugar to dissolve completely
Controls: Beaker/cup, sugar brand, type of sugar (cube, granular), stirring or nonstirring, amount of sugar
Convert: .0635 kg to mg
63,500 mg
Convert using DA: 1.47 kg to mg. (hint: two steps)
1470000 mg