NSAIDS
Name 4 types of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs)
Ibuprofen (motrin, advil), Naproxen (aleve), Ketorolac (Toradol), Acetaminophen (Tylenol), Indomethacin (Indocin, tivorbex), Diclofenac (voltaren, cataflam, flector, etc.)
What are the expected effects of Opioids?
pain relief, sedation, cough suppression, palliative pain control
What is the purpose of neuropathic pain agents?
a.) constipation
b.) relieve nerve pain
c.) heartburn
b.) relieve nerve pain
What are the actions benzodiazepines?
Diazepam (valium), Lorazepam (Ativan), Alprazolam (Xanax)
Act on the CNS that have a relaxation effect
A patient is receiving gabapentin (Neurontin), an anticonvulsant, but has no history of seizures. The nurse expects that the patient is receiving this drug for which condition?
a. Inflammation pain
b. Pain associated with peripheral neuropathy
c. Depression associated with chronic pain
d. Prevention of seizures
b. Pain associated with peripheral neuropathy
What are common uses of NSAIDs?
pain, fever, inflammation, headaches, arthritis, cramps
Which medications are made in a laboratory? (synthetic)
fentanyl, tramadol, and methadone
Name 2 types of neuropathic pain agents
Gabapentin (Neurontin), Topiramate (Topamax), Pregabalin (Lyrica), Triptans (Sumatriptan, Eletriptan, Zolmitriptan)
What are the expected effects of skeletal muscle relaxants? (cyclobenzaprine (flexeril) and methocarbamol (robaxin)).
Decreased muscle spasm, pain relief, improved mobility
A 78-year-old patient is in the recovery room after having a lengthy surgery on his hip. As he is gradually awakening, he requests pain medication. Within 10 minutes after receiving a dose of morphine sulfate, he is very lethargic and his respirations are shallow, with a rate of 7 breaths/minute. The nurse prepares for which priority action at this time?
a. Assessment of the patient's pain level
b. Immediate intubation and artificial ventilation
c. Administration of naloxone (Narcan)
d. Close observation of signs of opioid tolerance
c. Administration of naloxone (Narcan)
What are adverse effects of NSAIDS?
severe GI bleeding, acute renal failure, decreased liver functions
What are common side effects of opioids?
Respiratory depression is most critical, Drowsiness/sedation, Constipation, Euphoria, Nausea and vomiting, Physical dependence, Tolerance
True or false
Gabapentin, Pregabalin, and Topiramate are types of anticonvulsant
True
What are CNS stimulants used for?
Anti-attention deficit disorder, antinarcoleptic, anorexiant, antimigraine, and analeptic drugs
A 16-year-old field hockey player fell and twisted her ankle during a game. The nurse will expect to administer which type of analgesic?
a.) synthetic opioid, such as meperidine (Demerol)
b.) opium alkaloid, such as morphine sulfate
c.) opioid antagonist, such as naloxone HCL (Narcan)
d.) nonopioid analgesics, such as indomethacin (indocin)
d.) nonopioid analgesics, such as indomethacin (indocin)
What is the purpose of charcoal with NSAIDs?
Reduces the absorption of NSAIDs after an overdose
Which medications come from a poppy plant? (natural)
morphine and codeine
What are common side effects of these medications? Name 2
dizziness, drowsiness, weight loss, flushing, fatigue, paresthesia
What are serious effects of benzos?
Respiratory depression, sedation, coma, withdrawal seizures, hypotension
The nurse is assessing a patient for contraindication to drug therapy wit acetaminophen (Tylenol). Which patient should not receive acetaminophen?
a.) a patient with a fever of 101 F
b.) a patient who is complaining of a mild headache
c.) a patient with a history of liver disease
d.) a patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease
c.) a patient with a history of liver disease
If someone is on NSAIDs and has a history of GI symptoms what helps protect the lining of the stomach?
PPIs
What is the classification of these medications oxycodone, hydrocodone, codeine, morphine, fentanyl, and hydromorphone?
Opioid Analgesics
Which drug helps with migraine pain?
a.) Gabepentin
b.) Topriamate
c.) Triptans
d.) Pregabalin
C.) Triptans
What is the antidote for benzodiazepines?
a. vitamin K
b. flumazenil
c. heparin
d. morphine
b. flumazenil
A patient who has received some traumatic news is panicking and asks for some medication to help settle down. The nurse anticipates giving which drug that is most appropriate for this situation?
a. diazepam
b. zolpidem
c. phenobarbital
d. cyclobenzaprine
a. diazepam