Unzipping the Helix
This molecule contains the genetic instructions used by cells to grow, function, and reproduce.
What is DNA?
These are the four nitrogen bases found in DNA: adenine, thymine, cytosine, and this pair of bases.
What are guanine and cytosine?
This term describes a change in the nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide.
What is a mutation?
This nitrogenous base pairs with adenine in DNA.
What is thymine?
This enzyme unwinds DNA double helix by breaking the hydrogen bonds between complimentary base pairs.
What is Helicase?
This enzyme creates a short RNA primer that allows DNA polymerase to begin building a new DNA strand.
What is primase?
This type of mutation occurs when one nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide.
What is substitution?
This nitrogenous base pairs with guanine in DNA.
What is cytosine?
During DNA replication, this enzyme adds complimentary nucleotides to build a new DNA strand.
What is DNA polymerase?
DNA polymerase can only build a new DNA strand in this numerical direction.
What is 5' to 3' direction?
These two types of mutations occur when nucleotides are added to or removed from a DNA sequence.
What are insertion and deletion?
The x-shaped structures are made of DNA and proteins, and carry genetic information inside the nucleus.
What are chromosomes?
Before a cell divides, it must complete this process to make a copy of its DNA.
What is DNA replication?
These complementary nitrogenous bases pair together during DNA replication: adenine pairs with thymine, and guanine pairs with this base.
What is cytosine?
This type of mutation does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein, even though a nucleotide in the DNA has changed.
What is a silent mutation?
This section of DNA contains instructions for making a functional product often a protein.
What is a gene
These weak chemical bonds hold complimentary nitrogenous bases together in the DNA double helix.
What are hydrogen bonds?
These short RNA sequences provide the starting point for DNA polymerase to begin adding nucleotides.
What are RNA primers?
This type of mutation happens when a nucleotide is added to a DNA sequence.
What is an insertion mutation?
If one DNA strand has the sequence A-T-G-C, this is the sequence of its complementary strand.
What is T-A-C-G?