Basics of the Nervous System
What is the protective spiral-wrapped coating around the neuron?
myelin sheath
Who invented the first microscopes?
Antoine Van Leeuwenhoek
What is the large wrinkled part of the brain called?
cerebrum
What was Dr. Penfield's occupation?
neuro-surgeon
Name the test best for diagnosing bone injuries, lung/chest problems, and cancers.
CT scan
The word "glia" derives from the Greek meaning ___.
glue
What did Alice Hamilton discover?
Lead poisoning
Using logic, facts, math/science, order, practicality, strategy, etc..uses which part of the brain?
left brain
What type of patients did he treat?
Patients with uncontrollable seizures, epilepsy
What is the Greek meaning of Electroencephalogram?
Electro- electric, encephalo- brain, gram- recorded
Name the 4 types of neurological cells.
Atroglia, Ependymal cells, Microglia, and Oligodendroglia
Aristotle believed mental processes originated where?
the heart
Which is the only connector of the two hemispheres?
corpus callosum
Name 2 symptoms of a severe seizure.
loss of consciousness, body wide shaking
T or F: The EEG electrodes are placed on your chest.
False, it is placed on the scalp
Name the structure where energy for the neuron is generated.
Mitochondrion
Some gladiators had a Roman physician named?
Dr. Gallon
Which matter contains memory storage, processing, conscious/subconscious skeletal movement?
Gray matter
Seizure patients can experience an ___ before the seizure starts. What are the symptoms?
aura; flashing lights, hear loud sounds, unusual smells
Which test uses radio waves and powerful magnetic fields?
MRI
Name the long, tail-like extension of the neuron cell. What is the function?
Axon; allows electrical signals to be sent out quickly along nerve cells.
In 1884, Dr. Godlee performed the first successful surgical removal of what?
brain tumor
Phineas Gage recovered from the iron rod going through his head but why was he "never the same"?
His behavior became erratic, unable to hold a job or relationship, became crude/rude, foul-mouthed, impulsive, made unwise decisions
The right hemisphere on the homonculus represents what?
sensory cortex
What is the role of radioactive tracers in PET scan? How does it reveal images?
The body breaks down the tracers, causing them to emit energy. The energy is detected to create images to reveal brain activity.