Brachial Plexus/Scapula/Pectoral
Cords in the brachial plexus are in positional terms in relation to what?
Brachial artery (medial, lateral, posterior cords)
Which muscle does the musculocutaneous nerve run through?
Long head of biceps
Short head of biceps
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis
Coracobrachialis
What are the two main motor nerves of the lumbar plexus?
Femoral nerve (anterior thigh) and obturator nerve (medial thigh)
The anterior compartment of the leg is innervated by the ___ fibular nerve while the lateral compartment of the leg is innervated by the ____ fibular nerve
deep, superficial
Which joint allows us to make the motion to nod ("yes")?
Atlanto-occipital joint
Atlanto-axial joint
Facet Joint
Suboccipital joint
Scapular winging can be seen with injury to what nerve?
What are the contents of the carpal tunnel?
4 FDS tendons, 4 FDP tendons, FPL tendon, Median Nerve
Injury to the superior gluteal nerve would result in weakness of which of the following?
Gluteus medius
Gluteus maximus
Piriformis
Obturator Internus
Which of the following insert on the dorsal base of the 5th metatarsal to assist in eversion of the foot?
Extensor digitorum longus
Fibularis Longus
Fibularis Brevis
Flexor Digitorum Minimi
Fibularis Brevis (fibularis longus inserts on base of 1st MT and cuneiform)
What is the purpose of the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments?
Prevents hyper extension and hyper flexion of the spine
Which of these is not included in the boundaries of the axilla?
Pec Major
Teres Minor
Serratus Anterior
Intertubercular groove of humerus
Teres minor (teres major is!)
What are the boundaries and contents of the anatomic snuffbox?
Boundaries: tendons of the Abductor Pollicis Longus, Extensor Pollicis Brevis, Extensor Pollicis Longus.
Contains scaphoid and radial artery.
What are the borders and contents of the femoral triangle?
Borders: Inguinal ligament, sartorius, adductor longus
Contents: Medial to lateral -> femoral vein, artery, nerve
What is the most commonly injured lower extremity nerve? What is the presentation?
common fibular nerve -> foot drop, loss of dorsiflexion and eversion.
what are the borders of the suboccipital triangle? contents?
Borders:
-Rectus capitis posterior major
-Obliquus capitis inferior
-Obliquus capitis superior
Contents: Vertebral artery, suboccipital nerve
Greatery occipital nerve (dorsal rami C2) also exits spine just under obliquus capitis inferior, ascends to supply sensation to back of head.
Which of these muscles is NOT innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve?
Latissimus dorsi
Levator Scapulae
Rhomboid Major
Rhomboid Minor
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi -> thoracodorsal nerve
Trapezius -> CN XI
Which of these muscles does NOT attach to the lateral epicondyle?
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Which of the following attaches to the lesser trochanter?
Rectus Femoris
Biceps Femoris
Iliopsoas
Gracilis
Iliopsoas (CHIEF FLEXOR OF THIGH)
What are the boundaries and contents of the popliteal fossa?
Boundaries:
-Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris
-2 gastroc heads
-floor is femur and oblique popliteal ligament
Contents:
popliteal artery/vein
lymphatics
tibial n
common fibular n
small saphenous vein
popliteal bursa
Explain the different types of spina bifida? What is a supplement that can be given to prevent in pregnancy?
Spina Bifida Oculta -> asymptomatic
Spina Bifida Cystica w/meningocele -> meninges herniate
Spina Bifida Cystica w/myelomeningocele -> meninges and SC herniate (worst prognosis)
Supplement: Folic Acid
Name the rotator cuff muscles, including their origins, insertions, innervations, and actions
Supraspinatus: Supraspinatus fossa of scapula -> greater tubercle of humerus. Inn: suprascapular nerve. Action: Abduction
Infraspinatus: infraspinatus fossa of scapula -> greater tubercle. inn: suprascapular nerve. action: external rotation, abduction
Teres Minor: lateral border of scapula -> greater tubercle. inn: axillary nerve. action: external rotation
Subscapularis: subscapularis fossa of scapula -> lesser tubercle of humerus. inn: upper and lower subscapular nerves. action: internal rotation.
What are the attachments of the medial epicondyle? Innervation?
Flexor Carpi Radialis (median n)
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (median n)
Palmaris (median n)
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (ulnar n)
Pronator Teres (median n)
What is the main action of the deep gluteal muscles?
What is the innervation to the following:
Piriformis
Superior Gemellus
Obturator Internus
Inferior Gemellus
Quadratus Femoris
external rotation
Piriformis - Nerve to piriformis
Superior Gemellus - nerve to obturator internus
Obturator Internus - nerve to obturator internus
Inferior Gemellus - nerve to quadratus femoris
Quadratus Femoris - nerve to quadratus femoris
What are the contents of the flexor retinaculum of the ankle? In order from anterior to posterior.
Tibialis Posterior tendon
Flexor Digitorum Longus tendon
Posterior Tibial artery
Posterior Tibial vein
Tibial nerve
Flexor Hallucis Longus tendon
What are the 3 columns of erector spinae muscles? What is special about their innervation?
Spinalis, Longissimus, Iliocostalis (medial to lateral)
Innervated by DORSAL rami of spinal nerves.