Wrist & Hand Bones
This carpal bone is the most commonly fractured of the eight.
What is the scaphoid?
This large triangular back muscle elevates, retracts, and depresses the scapula.
What is the trapezius?
This muscle protracts the scapula and helps hold it against the thoracic wall.
What is the serratus anterior?
This short, slender muscle helps flex and adduct the arm and attaches to the coracoid process.
What is the coracobrachialis?
This superficial muscle pronates the forearm.
What is the pronator teres?
This peashaped carpal bone sits within the tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris.
What is the pisiform?
This muscle initiates the first 15° of shoulder abduction.
What is the supraspinatus?
These paired muscles retract the scapula; one is larger, one is smaller.
What are the rhomboid major and rhomboid minor?
This elbow flexor has two heads, one originating from the coracoid process and the other from the supraglenoid tubercle.
What is the biceps brachii?
This muscle is sometimes absent and helps weakly flex the wrist.
What is the palmaris longus?
This distal row bone articulates with the third metacarpal.
What is the capitate?
This rotator cuff muscle laterally rotates the humerus and sits inferior to the scapular spine.
What is the infraspinatus?
This muscle originates from ribs 3–5 and inserts on the coracoid process.
What is the pectoralis minor?
This strong elbow flexor lies deep to the biceps brachii.
What is the brachialis?
This intermediate muscle flexes the PIP joints of digits 2–5.
What is the flexor digitorum superficialis?
These bones form the palm of the hand.
What are the metacarpals?
This small rotator cuff muscle assists with lateral rotation and stabilizes the humeral head.
What is the teres minor?
This short muscle stabilizes the clavicle at the sternoclavicular joint.
What is the subclavius?
This triceps head is the only one that crosses the shoulder joint.
What is the long head of the triceps brachii?
This superficial muscle flexes and abducts the wrist.
What is the flexor carpi radialis?
These bones are divided into proximal, middle, and distal series—except in the thumb.
What are the phalanges?
This deep muscle elevates the scapula and contributes to downward rotation.
What is the levator scapulae?
This thick muscle adducts, extends, and medially rotates the humerus.
What is the latissimus dorsi?
This small posterior elbow muscle assists triceps in extension.
What is the anconeus?
This deep forearm flexor flexes the DIP joints of digits 2–5.
What is the flexor digitorum profundus?