BODY DIRECTIONS AND CAVITIES
What directional term means “toward the head”?
Superior
What are the four major elements that make up 96% of the body?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
What are the three main parts of a cell?
Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
What are the four main tissue types?
Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
What type of membrane transport uses carrier proteins but does not require ATP?
Facilitated diffusion
What plane divides the body into right and left sections?
Sagittal plane
What type of bond involves sharing electrons?
Covalent bond
What organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
Mitochondria
What type of epithelium is found in the air sacs of the lungs?
Simple squamous epithelium
During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up in the center of the cell?
Metaphase
What cavity contains the brain?
Cranial cavity
What is the universal solvent of the body?
Water
What type of transport moves substances from high to low concentration without ATP?
Passive transport
What connective tissue stores fat?
Adipose tissue
What structure contains ribosomal RNA and produces ribosomes?
Nucleolus
What membrane surrounds the lungs?
Pleura
What is the pH of neutral solutions?
7
What happens to a red blood cell in a hypotonic solution?
It swells and may lyse
What type of muscle tissue is found in the heart?
Cardiac muscle
What type of junction allows ions and small molecules to pass directly between cells?
Gap junctions
What muscle separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?
Diaphragm
What molecule is known as the energy currency of the cell?
ATP
What process brings materials into the cell using vesicles?
Endocytosis
What are the three parts of a neuron?
Dendrites, cell body, axon
In the sodium-potassium pump, how many sodium ions are pumped out of the cell for every cycle?
Three sodium ions