PNF
What are the 10 components of PNF?
Manual contact
Body postion/Body mechanics
Stretch
Manual Resistance
Irradiation
Joint Facilitation
Timing of Movements
Patterns of Movement
Visual Cues
Verbal Input
Average cadence
110-120 steps per min
What position would we be the most stable in?
Sitting because we have a greater BOS
body on body - head on body - body on head
Righting response
Terminal stance
Explain D1 flexion of the LE
Hip: flexion, adduction, external rotation
Knee: flexion or extension
Ankle: dorsiflexion and inversion
Toes: extension
What marks the beginning and the end of initial contact?
What muscles are involved?
Beginning: foot 1st contacts the floor
Ends: limb begins to accept weight
Ankle dorsiflexors
A motor disorder that causes people to actively push away from the side of their body that is not weakened, leading to a loss of balance
Pusher's syndrome
Determining intensity
low starting intensity, apply the burg rating of perceived exertion scale, monitor muscle fatigue and pain levels, assess repetitions in reserve, use isometric holds and eccentric focus, short sets with low reps, monitor heart rate and vital signs if needed, progress based on recovery, collaborate with patient, use objective functional testing when possible
Used to promote the ability to initiate a movement pattern. Progress PROM>AAROM>AROM.
Rhythmic initiation
Hold the position within a pattern and apply resistance against isometric hold in one direction and then the other. Used to improve strength and stability of muscles of the shoulder/hip girdle and trunk. Can be applied in either weight bearing or non-weight bearing.
Alternating Isometrics
All of the muscles involved in the midstance phase are what?
Isometric
what are our natural degrees of sway?
A/P plane: 12 degrees motion
Lateral plane: 16 degrees motion
What are the key elements of muscle performance and what is not existent in weak patients?
strength, power, and endurance
Power
PNF Techniques that are used to decrease strength
Agonistic reversal, rhythmic stabilization, and slow reversal
Alternating isometrics, contract relax, hold relax, hold relax active motion, and rhythmic initiation
What are the six determinates of gait?
pelvic rotation: 4 degrees forward and 4 backwards (8 total)
pelvic tilt: drops an average of 5 degrees in relation to the horizontal plane on the side opposite to that of the WB limb during midstance
Knee flexion: at heel strike the knee is fully extended and at foot flat the knee is flexed 15-20 degrees
Foot and ankle motion
Knee motion
Lateral displacement of the pelvis
Rhomberg test
Where is the motor point?
at the junction of the proximal and middle 1/3
vestibular balance treatment:
- Visual exercise
- smooth pursuit
- left target/right target
Cawthorne Cooksey
Where does the median, radial, and ulnar nerve exit from?
Median: C6-C8
Radial: C6-T1
Ulnar: C8 and T1
Which abnormal gait is associated with cerebral palsy?
Crouch gait: hip flexion, knee flexion, ankle dorsiflexion
In the lateral plane - key control points of the weight shift strategy.
- present but more difficult to train
- for rapid and/or large external perturbations or movements executed w/ the COG near the LOS
Hip strategies
Firm pressure, large amount of contract, ossilation, rhythmic repeated patterns, and gentle rocking's facilitate or inhibit what?
Muscle tone
What makes up the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?
dorsal scapular nerve, musculocutaneous nerve, suprascapular, long thoracic, lateral pectoral