Cell Structure & Function
The basic unit of all living things
Cells
The study of the structures of the human body and the substances these structures are made of
Anatomy
Groups of organs acting together for one or more functions
Body systems
Name the three parts of a voluntary muscle
Origin, belly, and insertion
How many bones are in an adult skeleton
206
Controls the steady circulation of the blood through the body
Circulatory system
The dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell is the ____
Nucleus
The study of the functions and activities performed by the body structures, including chemical and physical processes
Physiology
What are the 5 accessory organs to the skin
Hair, nails, sensory receptors, sebaceous and sudoriferous glands
Covers, shapes, and supports the skeletal tissue
The muscular system
The connection between two or more bones of the skeleton
A joint
What is blood composed of
Red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, and platelets
The process of cell reproduction in human tissues that occurs when the cell divides into two identical daughter cells
Mitosis
The study of the structure and composition of tissue
Histology
Forms the physical foundation of the body
The skeletal system
The thin, flat muscles of the cheek between the upper and lower jaw that compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips, as in when blowing a whistle
Buccinator
What is the largest and strongest bone of the face
Mandible
The system that performs the function of producing children and passing on our genetics
The reproductive system
What are the two identical cells during the cell reproduction process called
Daughter cells
A collection of similar cells that perform a particular function
Tissue
A collection of tissues that have an identifiable structure and perform specific functions
Organs
Located beneath the frontalis and orbicularis oculi. Draw the eyebrows down and wrinkles the forehead vertically
Corrugator
The study of the structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system
Neurology
The solution that surrounds the cells providing them with nutrients and acts as a method of removing cell waste
Interstitial fluid
Allows soluble substances to enter and leave the cell
Cell membrane
Supports, protects, and binds together other tissues of the body (ex: bone, cartilage, ligaments, tendons)
Connective tissue
U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue (in the adams apple area)
Hyoid bone
What are the two types of nerves
Sensory and motor nerves
Moving food along the digestive tract is known as
Peristalsis
Enables breathing, consists of the lungs and air passages
The respiratory system
Determines our genetic makeup , including eye color, hair color, and skin color
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)
Protective lining on cavities of the body and surfaces of organs (ex: mucous membranes, skin, lining of the heart)
Epithelial tissue
Specialized organs that produce chemicals, including hormones, necessary for various body systems to function optimally
Glands
What is the largest and most complex mass of nerve tissue in the body
The brain
The muscular wall that helps control breathing
Diaphragm
Responsible for purifying the body by eliminating waste matter
Excretory system
The watery gel-like fluid containing the nutrient material necessary for cell growth, reproduction, and self-repair
Protoplasm
Contracts and moves the various parts of the body
Muscle tissue
Tiny, thin walled blood vessels that connect the smaller arteries to venules; also bring nutrients to the cells and carry away waste materials
Capillaries
What nerves are the primary concern for estheticians
V, VII, and XI (5, 7, and 11)
Insulin, adrenaline, estrogen, and testosterone are examples of
Hormones
What systems protect the body from disease by developing resistance to pathogens and destroying disease-causing microorganisms
Lymphatic & immune systems
Takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy for the cell
Mitochondria
Carries messages through the central nervous system to control and coordinate all bodily functions
Nerve tissue
A group of specialized glands that affect the growth, development, sexual activities, and state of health in the entire body
The endocrine system
What does the masseter muscle help us do
To masticate or to chew
Our bones store most of the body’s supply of what
Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and sodium
What is/are the main source of blood supply to the head, face and neck
The common carotid arteries
Chemical process that converts nutrients into energy
Metabolism
Gives smoothness and contour to the body (another name for fat)
Adipose tissue
Responsible for changing food into nutrients and waste
The digestive system
The ____ is often injected with Botox to inhibit the muscle movement
The glabella (Corrugator & procerus)
The smallest and most fragile bones of the face
Lacrimal bones
Acts as the first line of defense against infection and water loss, regulates temperature, perceives sensation, produces vitamin D, and has absorption capabilities
The integumentary system