Chapter 1
what is gross anatomy?
the various visible structures of the body and their relationship to each other
What is a colloid? How is this different from a suspension?
Heterogenous mixtures composed of large solute particles that do not settle out, suspensions do settle out.
What is in the fluid mosaic model?
Lipids (phospho and glyco), cholesterols (which is a glycolipid), protein, and carbs
What is the major drawback of tissues?
If there is a disease in a cell type, the entire tissue does not function which could leave to the shut down of an organ.
What are the main functions of the skin?
Protection, temp regulation, sensation, metabolic functions, blood reservoir, excretion
at which level is physiology usually considered?
the cellular or molecular levels
What is the type of reaction that is anabolic in nature? (two describing words)
It is synthesis and endergonic?
What are the functions of proteins?
transport, receptors, enzymes, cell-cell interactions, attachment, intercellular junctions.
What is a message in neurons or from neurons?
Changing a -70mV
What layer is below the dermis?
Adipocytes (hypodermis-not really a part of the integument)
What are the necessary life functions?
1. Maintaining boundaries
2. movement
3. responsiveness
4. digestion
5. metabolism
6. excretion
7. reproduction
8. growth
what is a universal solvent?
Water, it is used for transport, protection, its high heat capacity, and high heat of vaporization, it is also reactive.
what are desmosomes, what are the names of the structures
cellular velcro, cadherins, keratin filaments, plaques
What do all epithelial tissues have?
Apical-basal polarity:
Apical surface-faces lumen
(microvilli or cilia)
Basal to attach to connective tissue
What color are melanocytes?
Clear
what is the innermost membrane that covers organs in order to prevent friction between organs?
Visceral serous
use buffers, buffers prevent large changes in pH.
What determines diffusion speed?
Concentration, molecular size, and temperature
Where are transitional epithelium found?
What cells are associated with the touch sense?
tactile (merkel)
What is the name of the outermost membrane that cover the lungs
How does a molecule acquire energy from ATP?
One of the phosphate tails temporarily binds and then is released from ATP once the molecule no longer needs it.
There are a limited number of binding sites per molecule and they only carry one molecule at a time
What disease arises as a result of a mutation in the gene that codes for fibrillin
Marfan Syndrome
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
What are the five layers of the epidermis and 2 layers of the dermis.