Basics
What is anatomy?
The structure of a living organism (such as the human body)
The skeletal system is made up of...
bones, ligaments, and tendons
The main function of the muscular system is...
To allow the body to move
What is a nerve cell called?
What are hormones?
Chemical messengers
What is physiology?
How an organism or part of an organism functions
The point at which two or more bones meet is called what? What does this do for the body?
Joints
These allow the body to move
What other body system does the muscular system work closely with?
The skeletal system
What does the nervous system do?
Sends electrical signals throughout the body to allow for communication
Give an example of one of the glands in the endocrine system.
Thyroid gland, pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, adrenal gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus, ovaries, testes
What is the smallest functional unit of an organism?
A cell
Who has more bones, an adult human or a newborn baby? Why?
A newborn baby - this is because many of their bones have not fused together yet
What are muscle cells called?
muscle fibers
What are the main components of the nervous system?
The brain, the spinal cord, nerves/neurons
What are organs that create and release substances (such as hormones) called?
Organs work together in groups called...
organ systems
What is the difference between tendons and ligaments?
Tendons connect muscles to bones, while ligaments connect bones to other bones
Muscles that work together in opposite directions (ex: triceps and biceps) are called...
opposing muscles
Where are nerves found?
All over the body! - in organs and tissues
What do hormones do?
They communicate with organs by binding to cells
The four types of tissue found in the human body are...
muscle tissue, epithelial tissue, nervous tissue, and connective tissue
Calcium
Red bone marrow produces red blood cells
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
smooth, cardiac, and skeletal
What is the function of the myelin sheath (cells wrapped around the axon of a nerve cell)?
To speed up the transmission of the electrical signal down the neuron
Where are the "control" glands of the endocrine system found?
In the brain