Integument
What are the three structures of the integument from deep to superficial?
hypodermis, dermis, epidermis
How many bones are in the entire axial skeleton, the neurocranium and the viscerocranium?
80, 8, 14
Where is the corrugator supercilii
eyebrows
How many carpals are in the body?
tarsals?
16 carpals
14 tarsals
Where is the serratus anterior located
on the side of the ribs
What are the layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep?
1. Stratum corneum
2. Stratum lucidum
3. Stratum granulosum
4. Stratum spinosum
5. Stratum basale
What is the weakest point of the skull and what bone(s) does it contain?
Pterion.
parietal, frontal, temporal and greater wing of sphenoid
What are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the tongue
1. Genioglossus
2. Hyoglossus
3. Palatoglossus
4. Styloglossus
The medial and lateral epicondyles are __ to the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus.
distal
pectoralis major, teres major and latissimus dorsi are part of which category of muscles?
intertubercular groove muscles
What are the two types of dermal layers and what are their respective tissue types?
1. papillary layer; areolar CT
2. Reticular layer; dense irregular CT
The articular eminence of the temporal bone is ___ to the petrotympanic (squamotympanic) fissure and the tympanic plate/postglenoid tubercle (fossa).
What is an important articulation in this area?
Anterior
TMJ
List these muscles of the oral cavity floor from superior to inferior:
A. Mylohyoid
B. Tongue
C. Geniohyoid
B. Tongue
A. Geniohyoid
C. Mylohyoid
What is the anatomical term for the big toe bone?
hallux
What do the gastrocnemius and soleus do?
Plantar flexion/extension
Name 3 types of exocrine glands in the skin and their function
1. Merocrine(eccrine) glands - watery sweat
2. Apocrine - viscous sweat/ceruminous glands for ear wax/mammary glands for breast milk
3. Sebacceous (oil) glands - produce oil
What are the 3 nasal conchae and which bone(s) do they belong to?
superior and middle nasal conchae belong to ethmoid bone, inferior nasal conchae are their own bone.
Name the Origin, Insertion and Actions of the Sternocleiomastoid
O: manubrium and clavicle
I: mastoid region of skull
A: bilateral flexion and unilateral rotation
Name four general landmark parts of the os coxae that we learned?
ilium, Ishium, pubis, acetabulum
The knee extensors include the rectus femoris and three other muscles beginning with “vastus.” Name those other three
vastus intermedius
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
Name the dermal layers that is not technically part of the integument, describe its structural components and its function
hypodermis, made of areolar and adipose CT, provides thermal insulation, anchors skin to underlying structures and provides energy storage.
Describe the location of the vomer in relation to
1. the hard palate
2. The external occiptal crest
3. The lateral and medial pterygoid plates
1. Posterior
2. Anterior
3. medial
Name the 4 muscles of mastication and their actions
1. Temporalis: bilateral (elevate/retrude mandible)* and unilateral (lateral chewing) movement
2. Masseter: bilateral (elevate/retrude mandible)* and unilateral (lateral chewing) movement
3. Later Pterygoid: bilateral (protrudes/DEPRESS mandible) and unilateral (chewing) movement
4. Medial Pterygoid: bilateral (elevate/protrude mandible) and unilateral (chewing) movement
* clench teeth and adduct/open
Name the places on the tibia and fibula that you can easily palpate on their distal ends
medial malleolus of tibia and lateral malleolus of fibula
What is the muscle where the sciatic nerve is located, often leading to sciatic? Which muscle group is this categorized in?
piriformis, deep lateral hip rotators