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What are the 3 groups of hormones (chemically)?
steroids, amines, and peptides/proteins
Oxytocin
Increases the contractions of the uterus during during birth and promotes the release of breast milk
Epinephrine
Adrenal MEDULLA
Increases the synthesis of melanin in melanocytes
Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)
Neurosecretory Cells
Neurons of the hypothalamus that secrete neurohormones rather than neurotransmitters
Calcitonin
Lowers blood calcium levels
Progesterone
Ovaries
Increases the release of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH)
Compare and explain 3 differing aspects of the endocrine system to the nervous system (+100 for every additional aspect)
speed, duration, effectors, strength, repair
Parathyroid Hormone
Increases blood calcium levels
Prolactin-inhibiting hormone
Hypothalamus
Increases the release of cortisol from the adrenal cortex
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
What do up-regulation and down-regulation mean?
target cells make more/less of receptors respectively
Glucagon
Raises blood glucose by causing liver to release glucose
Oxytocin
Posterior pituitary
Increases the retention of water by the kidneys
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Prostaglandins
biologically active lipids that produce many effects in the body, including smooth muscle contraction, inflammation, and blood clotting
Cortisol
increases protein and fat breakdown in most tissues
Melatonin
Pineal Body
Develops immune functions
thymosin