Bones
Muscles
Organs
Functions
Pathology
100
What is the common distinguishable feature of false ribs?
No direct anterior articulation with the sternum.
100
Name one proximal and one distal attachment point of the rectus abdominis
Xiphoid process, costal cartilages of ribs 1-7 Pubic symphysis, pubic crest
100
the superior vena cava empties blood into which chamber of the heart?
Right atrium
100
Please demonstrate the action of the platysma.
Thank you.
100
What is the term for excessive anterior curvature of the low back?
Lordosis
200
What is the palpable, most anterior prominence of the innominate bone called?
ASIS
200
Name the 3 anterior / lateral abdominal muscles in order from superficial to deep.
External oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis
200
Which portion of the spinal cord primarily receives sensory information? (anterior, posterior, medial, lateral)
Posterior
200
Name the 3 actions of the trapezius
Scapular elevation, retraction and depression
200
This spinal condition can cause compression of the ribs on one side and expansion on the other.
Scoliosis
300
Name one distinguishable feature about each type of vertebra (cervical, thoracic, lumbar).
Cervical: bifid SP, transverse foramina, small bodies, sup. art. facets face up Thoracic: costal facets, sup. art. facets face fwd, heart shaped bodies Lumbar: large bodies, facets face in
300
Which longitudinal spinal muscle (semispinalis, splenius, spinalis, longisimus, iliocostalis) has a lumbar portion?
iliocostalis
300
Gas exchange of O2 and CO2 takes place at which structures within the lungs?
Alveoli
300
What is the action of the pectoralis minor?
Stabilize scapula, draw it anterior and inferior
300
This condition often occurs in pregnant women, in which the linea alba splits causing lateral displacement of the rectus abdominis.
Diastasis recti
400
Which articulation does the term "costochondral" describe?
Articulation between ribs and articular cartilage on the anterior aspect of the rib cage.
400
Name 2 actions of the rhomboid muscles (major & minor)
scapular retraction downward scapular rotation assist (levator scapulae) with elevation fixes scapula to thorax
400
Name the 5 lobes of the cerebrum
frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, insular
400
Abdominal flexion and rotation to the LEFT results from contraction of the external and internal obliques on which sides?
LEFT internal RIGHT external
400
This traumatic collection of blood, which puts pressure on the brain, may result from a direct blow to the head, often secondary to a skull fracture.
Epidural hematoma
500
What type of joint is the sterno-clavicular joint?
Saddle synovial
500
Neck flexion and rotation to the right, are the primary actions of which muscle? (be specific)
left sternocleidomastoid
500
Which structures make up the brainstem?
Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
500
Describe diastole and systole, in terms of the cardiac cycle. Also, which corresponds with high arterial pressure, and which corresponds with low arterial pressure?
Diastole: heart relaxes and expands as ventricles fill with blood (lower pressure) Systole: myocardium surrounding ventricles forcefully contracts, ejecting blood through semilunar valves into arteries (higher pressure)
500
Amongst the athletic population, an inguinal hernia often occurs secondary to development of athletic pubalgia. What is athletic pubalgia?
Chronic straining or weakening of the inner thigh muscles, which causes a subsequent weakness in the lower abdominal musculature on the affected side.
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