Anatomy of bones
Blood cell production
Hematopoeisis
What class of bone is the femur?
Long bone
What is it called when bones grow in width?
Appositional Growth
Parts of the Axial Skeleton
Head, neck, and trunk
What is organic matter?
collagen fibers and carbohydrate-protein complexes
Type of cartilage found on the end of a long bone
articular cartilage
Mature bone cell trapped in the matrix
osteocyte
What is the inorganic component of bone?
Salt and Minerals
What type of tissue composes the fetal skeleton
Hyaline cartilage
What cell secretes organic matter?
Osteoblast
Type of cartilage found in the menisci
Fibrocartilage
Precursor to Calcitriol that is taken in through diet or sun
Vitamin D
What two hormones raise blood calcium levels?
PTH and Calcitriol
What law states that the bone will be remodeled from areas of stress?
Wolffs Law
Area surrounding an osteocyte
Lacunae
Ligament
Break in a bone caused by disease
Pathological Fracture
What role do the kidneys and Small intestine play as an effector when lowering Blood phosphate levels?
Kidneys: excrete more phosphate as urine
SI: absorb less Phosphate from nutrients
At what age do growth plates close?
Teens to early 20s
Type of lamella surrounding a bone
external circumferential lamellae
In intramembranous ossification, does the periosteum or compact bone form first?
Periosteum
Region of bone where endochondral ossification happens
Epiphysis
What is mineral deposition?
Absorption of calcium into bone. Osteoblasts create collagen fibers which become encrusted with minerals and attract more and more.
In endochondral ossification, at what time does a secondary marrow cavity form at the end of a long bone?
Birth
What is the first step of fracture healing?
Hematoma formation (blood clot)