Nervous System
These specialized cells are the functional units of the nervous system and communicate via electrical impulses.
What are neurons?
This type of muscle is voluntary, striated, and produces body movements (attached to the bone).
What is skeletal muscle?
These deposit a bony matrix around themselves in all directions, forming spongy bone. Once they have encased themselves with matrix, they are called osteocytes.
What are osteoblasts?
This pigment protects skin cells from ultraviolet radiation and is produced by melanocytes.
What is melanin?
This term means away from the head, and towards the lower part of the body.
What is inferior?
This division of organs in the nervous system contains the brain and the spinal cord.
This protein/pigment stores oxygen in muscle tissue for aerobic respiration, thereby increasing oxygen availability.
What is myoglobin?
This connective tissue covers the epiphyses and is also known as hyaline cartilage.
What is articular cartilage?
This sweat gland becomes active during puberty and responds to emotions, giving off body odor.
This term categorizes joints as immovable.
What is synarthroses?
Multipolar neurons that lie within the central nervous system, forming links between other neurons.
What are interneurons?
Myofibrils are made up of these units that are joined end-to-end. Extends from one Z-line to the next. Shortens during muscle contraction.
What are sarcomeres?
Expanded ends of bones that form joints with adjacent bones are called this. This is also filled with spongy bone.
What are the epiphyses?
This is the deepest layer and is nourished by dermal blood vessels. This layer consists of dividing cells.
What is the stratum basale?
This joint is a suture (skull only).
What is a fibrous joint?
This brain structure maintains homeostasis by regulating a wide variety of visceral activities and by linking the endocrine system with the nervous system
What is the hypothalamus?
During muscle contraction, a myosin head attaches to a binding site on the actin filament, forming this.
What is cross-bridge formation?
This hormone is released when calcium levels in the blood are low.
What is parathyroid hormone?
Large wounds leave scars, and healing may be accompanied by this.
This type of joint includes most of the body’s joints and is all diarthroses (freely movable). All contain a fluid-filled joint cavity.
The process by which myelinated fibers conduct impulses from one Node of Ranvier to the next.
What is saltatory conduction?
When exposed to very high stimulation, the sustained contraction shows no relaxation; it is called a complete (blank).
In compact bone, osteocytes and extracellular matrix layers are organized into these. This system consists of concentric lamellae surrounding a central canal that contains blood vessels and nerves.
What is an osteon?
This is the layer underneath the dermis, consisting of areolar and adipose tissues. This layer binds skin to underlying tissues, but it is not a part of the skin.
What is the subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)?
This movement of the foot points the toes downward, like pressing a gas pedal.
What is plantar flexion?