The plexus
These two nerves contain nerve roots C5-C7.
What are the long thoracic and the musculocutaneous nerves?
This nerve innervates most of the flexor muscles of the forearm, as well as the thenar muscles and 1st and 2nd lumbricals.
What is the median nerve?
Injury to this nerve would result in an inability to raise or retract the scapula.(extra credit for nerve root)
These joints are biaxial and allow for flexion/extension, adduction/abduction, and circumduction
What are condyloid joints?
You could test this reflex to see if someone has a C7 injury.
What is the triceps reflex?
These are the three branches off of the medial curve (not terminal)
What are the medial pectoral, medial brachial cutaneous, and medial antebrachial cutaneous nerves?
Many of the extensor muscles proximally attach to the lateral epicondyle, except for brachioradialis and extensor carpi radialis longus, which attach to this point.
What is the (lateral) supra-condylar ridge of the humerus
A patient with deltoid and teres minor weakness accompanied by a decreased ability to abduct likely has injury to this nerve. (extra credit for nerve roots)
What is the axillary nerve? (C5-C6)
This joint near the manubrium is considered a saddle synovial joint due to the shape of the articular surfaces, but they don't really fit into each other that well
What is the sternoclavicular joint?
Using crutches poorly, falling asleep with your arm over a chair, or downward dislocation of the glenohumeral joint can damage this nerve that lies in the midshaft of the humerus
What is the radial nerve? (C5-T1)
This nerve branches off of the (just) first nerve root of the brachial plexus.
What is the dorsal scapular nerve?
These are the two branches off of the second part of the axillary artery
What is the lateral thoracic artery and the thoracoacromial artery?
Paralysis of wrist extensors or loss of sensation in the anatomical snuff box could be due to damage in this terminal nerve (xtra cred for roots)
What is the radial nerve? (C5-T1)
Hitting someone really hard on the shoulder may dislocate this joint and ligament of the same name
What is the acromioclavicular joint and ligament? (the coracoclavicular ligament can also be disrupted in more serious accidents)
Pain, numbness, and tingling in the palmar aspect of the first 3 digits may be due to compression of the median nerve beneath this structure
What is the carpal tunnel?
These two nerves only contain nerve roots C5 and C6.
What are the suprascapular nerve and axillary nerve?
These two (sort of insignificant) nerves supply cutaneous innervation to the medial aspect of the arms
What are the medial brachial and antebrachial cutaneous nerves?
A patient with paralysis of the bicep, coracobrachialis, and brachialis accompanied by loss of sensation along the lateral forearm may have damage to this terminal branch.
What is the musculocutaneous nerve (C5-7)?
This glenohumeral ligament prevents superior dislocation of the humerus
The coracoacromial ligament
Injury to the ulnar nerve will result in radial deviation during hand flexion due to the loss of this muscle
What is flexor carpi ulnaris?
This nerve has no motor innervation in the forearm but innervates the dorsal side of the arm cutaneously.
What is the musculocutaneous nerve?
What is the ulnar nerve? (passes posterior to the medial epicondyle)
The hand of Benediction results in decreased wrist flexion, supination of the forearm, neutral thumb position and an inability to flex digits 2 and 3. This is due to fact that this muscle is only innervated by the median nerve at these digits. (bonus points for naming other half of innervation)
What is flexor digitorum profundus? (ulnar innervates the medial 2 digits)
Rotator cuff impingement can lead to damage of this tendon that sits in the coracoacromial arch
What is the supraspinatus tendon/outlet? (bursae / synovial sacs cushion it)
When the ulnar nerve is injured at the wrist rather than the elbow, the ulnar claw will appear to be more pronounced due to these muscles still being intact
What are the flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus?