General
What is a nephron?
The structural and function units of the kidney
Name some substances that are reabsorbed during tubular reabsorption.
Water, Glucose, and Amino Acids, Sodium Chloride, Potassium
What is the overall function of the glomerulus.
To filter the blood
What is the name of the structure that holds the cluster of capillaries within the nephron?
The Glomerulus
What are the 4 mechanisms of the nephron?
Name the 2 types a specialized cells that are found in the epithelium of the collecting duct.
Principal Cells and Intercalated cells
What is the overall function of the Renal Tubule
To reabsorb and return needed substances to the blood and excrete any waste
Which two structures make up the Renal Corpuscle
The Glomerulus and the Glomerular capsule
Each nephron consist of 2 major structures, what are they?
A Renal Corpuscle and Renal Tubule
What is occurring during the reabsorption?
Water is being reabsorbed into the blood.
What is the function of the Collecting Duct?
To regulate blood pH and solute concentration.
Name the Structure: This is the first section of the renal tubule and is highly coiled
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
Name the 2 types of Nephrons and where they can be found? (Distance from the cortex medulla)
Cortical Nephrons, located mostly in the renal cortex with glomerulus further from the cortex medulla
Juxtamedullary Nephron, are located deep in the renal cortex, closer to the cortex medulla
Describe what is occurring during the secretion process.
Waste is being excreted from blood and going through the process of being turned into urine.
What is the function of Peritubular capillaries?
They travel along side nephrons, allowing reabsorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron
Name the Structure: Receives filtrate from DCT of multiple nephrons
The Collecting Duct
Where will the urine flow after it passes through the collecting duct?
Into the minor calyx.
Describe the means of transport that water takes as it moves into the renal tubule?
Water moves through osmosis
What is the function of the Afferent and Efferent arterioles.
Efferent arterioles takes blood from the glomerulus capillaries and Afferent arterioles bring blood to the glomerulus.
Explain how the structure of the glomerular capillaries may result in a higher pressure intensity.
Due to the afferent feeder arterioles having a larger diameter than the efferent draining arterioles causing a buildup.