Subatomic Particles
Which subatomic particle has the least mass?
What is the atomic mass of an atom with 15 protons, 16 neutrons, and 11 electrons?
31 amu
BONUS! 500 points!
What is an element?
A pure substance with only 1 type of atom.
How many electrons can fit in the first shell on a Bohr diagram?
2
BONUS! 500 Points!
What is the difference between hyphen notation and nuclear notation?
Hyphen notation only includes the atomic mass.
Which subatomic particles are located in the nucleus?
BONUS! 500 points!
If a neutral atom loses 2 electrons, what is its charge?
+2
Why do we have a term for the number of protons but not for the number of neutrons or electrons?
The protons determine the identity of the atom.
What is the Octet Rule?
Atoms are most satisfied when they have 8 electrons in their valence shell.
What does amu stand for? How does it compare to a gram?
Atomic mass units. 4 x 10-22 g.
What would happen to the identity of a fluorine atom if 2 protons were added?
It would change to become sodium!
If a neutral atom loses 1 electron, what is its charge?
What is the difference between the atomic mass and the atomic number?
The atomic mass is all protons and neutrons added together. The atomic number is just the number of protons.
Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. Draw the Bohr diagram for Oxygen-16.
If there are more electrons than protons, the atom will have a __________ charge.
Negative
What keeps the protons from repelling each other in the nucleus?
The strong nuclear force
How can elements on the Periodic Table have decimals in their atomic mass? Can you have .007 of a subatomic particle? Explain.
The atomic mass shown on the Periodic Table is the weighted average of all the isotopes of that element in nature.
Name the 4 fundamental forces. Briefly describe each.
Gravity. Electromagnetic force. Strong nuclear force. Weak nuclear force.
Potassium has an atomic number of 19. How many valence electrons does a neutral atom of potassium have?
1
What would happen to the identity of an atom if 3 neutrons were added?
Nothing!
What is the mass of a neutron?
1 amu
What is the nuclear notation for a magnesium atom that has 14 electrons, 12 protons, and 13 neutrons?
Mg. Top left: 25. Bottom left: 12. Top right: -2
Define isotopes.
Two atoms that have the same identity but different numbers of neutrons.
An aluminum atom has a charge of +2, an atomic mass of 15, and an atomic number of 13. Draw the Bohr diagram for it.
Answers vary.
How satisfied is a neutral atom of chlorine?