Body Systems & Functions
This system breaks down food so nutrients can be absorbed.
What is the digestive system?
These are the basic cells of the nervous system.
What are neurons?
This is the largest artery in the body.
What is the aorta?
This structure is also known as the “windpipe.”
What is the trachea?
This gland is known as the “master gland.”
What is the pituitary gland?
This system produces hormones that regulate body functions.
What is the endocrine system?
This part of the brain controls balance and coordination.
What is the cerebellum?
These vessels return blood to the heart.
What are veins?
These tiny hairs in the airway help trap dust and microbes.
What are cilia?
This hormone regulates blood sugar levels.
What is insulin?
This system protects the body from infection and disease.
What is the immune system?
This part of the nervous system controls involuntary actions like breathing and heartbeat.
What is the autonomic nervous system?
This is the iron‑rich protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
What is hemoglobin?
This term describes the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs.
What is gas exchange?
These glands sit on top of the kidneys and produce adrenaline.
What are the adrenal glands?
This system includes bones, joints, and cartilage.
What is the musculoskeletal system?
This is the long bundle of nerves that runs from the brain down the back.
What is the spinal cord?
This term describes a heart rate below 60 beats per minute.
What is bradycardia?
This condition occurs when the lungs cannot expand fully.
What is hypoventilation?
This is the male reproductive gland that produces sperm.
What is the testis?
This system transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste products.
What is the circulatory system?
This division of the autonomic nervous system prepares the body for “fight or flight.”
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
This valve prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle.
What is the aortic valve? (semi-lunar)
This part of the brain controls the breathing rate.
What is the medulla oblongata?
This hormone is responsible for regulating metabolism.
What is thyroxine (T4)?