Bones
Tendon function
attach muscle to bone
Plasma makes up this much of a persons blood
55%
Difference between serotonin and dopamine
Serotonin: calms you, inhibitory
Dopamine: can act as either inhibitory or excitatory
Difference between Endocrine and Exocrine glands
Endocrine: ductless glands that secrete hormones throughout body
Exocrine: secrete hormonal chemicals into ducts for the inside or outside of body
Sensory Papillae can be found here
The tongue (taste buds)
Ligament function
attach bone to bone
Purpose of capillaries
capillaries connect arteries & veins, direct gas & nutrient exchange with tissues
Cerebellum function
muscle coordination
Adrenal glands functions
adrenal glands release cortisol and aldosterone when stress levels rise
Pigs belong to Order Artiodactyla for this reason
They have an even number of toes
Difference between epiphyseal plate and epiphyseal line
Plate: cartilage based bone ends before fully frown
Line: scar that forms after cartilage turns to bone
Blood main function
transports oxygen and nutrients through body; protects against disease (WBCs)
Neuron Cell parts
axons, myelin sheaths, Schwann cells, nodes of Ranvier, cell body
Difference between anterior and posterior pituitary gland hormones
Anterior: ACTH, HGH, TSH, FSH, LH, Prolactin
Posterior: ADH, Oxytocin
Purpose of the Cecum
cellulose fermentation
Differences in male and female appendicular skeletons
Male: broader cheek bones, wider chin, narrow pubic arch
Female: sharper cheek bones, pointy chin, wide pubic arch
Difference between arteries and veins
Arteries: carry blood away from the heart (oxygenated)
Veins: carry blood to the heart (deoxygenated)
Role of Na-K pump
to restore balance in a cell (requires a lot of ATP)
Causes of Hypercortisolism vs Hypocortisolism
Hyper: too much stress, hydrocortisone prescription use, Cushing's Disease
Hypo: Addison's Disease, very low blood pressure, unexplained weight loss, fatigue that keeps getting worse
First part of the small intestine
Duodenum; absorbs nutrients and receives enzymes from pancreas
7 Connective Tissues
Bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, adipose tissues, blood, lymph
How blood circulates through the heart
deoxygenated blood goes to the right atrium and then to the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve, then is pumped through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery to go to the lungs, comes back oxygenated to the left atrium, then to the left ventricle through the bicuspid valve, then goes through the aortic valve into the aorta and is pumped through the body
Brains lobes and their functions
Frontal: thinking, problem solving, emotion & behavior control
Parietal: perception, making sense of the world
Occipital: vision
Temporal: memory, language understanding
Hyperthyroidism vs Hypothyroidism
Hyper: too much T3 and T4, weight loss, heat intolerance, Graves Disease
Hypo: too little T3 and T4, hair loss, weight gain, cold intolerance
Difference between trachea and esophagus
Bonus: what covers the trachea when swallowing
Trachea: takes air to lungs
Esophagus: takes food to the stomach
Bonus: epiglottis