Miscellaneous
Characterized by a decrease in cell size, this cellular response leads to the weakening of muscles or the normal shrinking of organs like the thymus.
What is atrophy?
Running horizontally, this plane divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) portions.
What is the transverse plane?
Associated with bones and body openings, this type of muscle is under voluntary control, features striations, and contains long cells with multiple nuclei per cell.
What is skeletal muscle?
This tissue holds neurons and glial cells.
What is Nervous Tissue?
Along with hair, sweat and sebaceous (oil) glands these are epidermal appendages.
What are nails?
These two distinct terms describe body membranes based on location: one refers to the layer in direct contact with an internal organ, while the other refers to the layer that lines the cavity housing that organ.
What are visceral and parietal membranes?
Pushing a body part forward in an anterior direction, such as jutting your jaw outward, is this action.
What is protraction?
Characterized by a "brush border" of short, static projections, these surface structures increase surface area specifically for nutrient absorption.
What are microvilli?
Originating in the embryo, this common precursor gives rise to all other connective tissue types in the human body.
What is mesenchyme?
In "Boys Scouts Go Camping," this letter "B" word stands for the deepest layer of the epidermis where new cells are born.
What is Basale (Stratum Basale)?
This type of membrane lines thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities, features a double layer, and secretes a watery fluid to reduce friction around visceral organs.
What is a serous membrane (or serosa)?
Turning the sole of the foot outward, away from the body's midline, is called this.
What is eversion?
Found in the walls of hollow organs, this muscle tissue lacks striations, has short cells with a single nucleus, and operates under involuntary control.
What is smooth muscle tissue?
Representing the thickest of the three main fiber types, this abundant protein provides high strength and flexibility to connective tissues.
What is collagen?
This specific layer of the dermis sits directly beneath the epidermis and is named for its finger-like projections.
What is the papillary layer?
This adaptive process involves a complete change in cell type, such as when the ciliated columnar epithelium in a smoker's trachea transforms into stratified squamous epithelium.
What is metaplasia?
In standard anatomical position, this directional term describes the position of the knee joint relative to the ankle joint.
What is proximal?
This specific form of stratified squamous epithelium features a dry, dead outer surface layer packed with a tough protective protein.
What is keratinized (stratified squamous) epithelium?
Hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage all belong to this major functional category of connective tissue.
What is supporting connective tissue?
This translucent, clear layer of the epidermis is found only in the thick skin of the palms and soles.
What is the Stratum lucidum?
This organelle is a flexible outer barrier that controls what enters and leaves the cell.
What is the Cell Membrane?
A neurologist examines a stroke patient who has motor weakness in the left arm and left leg.This directional term describes symptoms, weakness, or lesions that occur on the same side of the body.
What is ipsilateral?
This mode of exocrine secretion involves the "decapitation" or pinching off of the cell's apex to release its contents.
What is apocrine secretion?
This specific loose connective tissue binds the skin to underlying muscles while supplying nutrients through a rich network of blood vessels.
What is areolar connective tissue?
Colloquially known as fat, this loose connective tissue is famously categorized as "easy to gain, hard to get rid of" and functions primarily as the body's long-term energy storage.
What is adipose tissue?