Functions
What is the main function of the skeletal system?
There are 5 functions: the main function is supporting the body.
Which organs go with which senses?
Taste: Tongue
Sight: Eyes
Smell: Nose
Touch: Skin
Hearing: Ears
Where are red blood cells made?
Bone Marrow
What would happen to your body if you did not have a skeleton?
It would be unable to support itself. No locomotion. Nothing to protect vulnerable organs and nothing for muscles to adhere to.
What do voluntary and involuntary mean?
Voluntary means that the action is consciously controlled. Involuntary means it is not consciously controlled. (You have no direct control of it).
What is the main function of the circulatory system?
To circulate nutrients, gases and waste around the body
What role does the heart play in the circulatory system?
It pumps blood throughout the body
What does the nervous system use to send messages throughout the body? What kind of signal?
Electrical Signal
What would happen if there were no rings of cartilage in the trachea?
Nothing would be keeping the trachea open and this would make it difficult if not impossible to breathe.
What is the epiglottis?
The structure which prevents food from entering the lungs during swallowing.
What is the myelin sheath and what is its function?
A layer of fat around the axons in the nervous system. Its function is to speed up the transmission of a signal from the cell body to the axon terminals
In what part of the digestive system does digestion begin?
The mouth
Which two systems work together to deliver hormones to cells in the body
the Endocrine and Circulatory systems
What would happen to your body if all your muscles were voluntary?
You would die when you lose consciousness/ go to sleep because your heart would no longer beat. Digestion would also become a very stressful process.
What is chemical digestion and what is mechanical digestion?
Chemical digestion: the release of enzymes to break down complex food molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins) into simple substances
Mechanical Digestion: physical work to break down food into smaller pieces.
What is the function of the large intestine?
To absorb water from indigestible material
What are the organs of the Excretory System?
The lungs, The skin, The kidneys
Name the systems involved in Locomotion. What is the role of the nervous system in locomotion?
Nervous, Muscular, Skeletal
The brain sends electrical signals to skeletal muscles via nerves, which causes the muscles to contract
What would happen to the body if all messages were sent using hormones instead of neurotransmitters?
Signals would last a long time so the body would not be able to react quickly or change the way it is acting to suit the situation.
What is excretion?
The removal of waste from the body
What are the 4 functions of the integumentary system (the skin)?
It protects you from infection and injury
It helps regulate body temperature
It removes waste, such as excess water and salts, from the body
Protects the body from UV radiation
The byproducts of cellular respiration are excess water and carbon dioxide; which two organs are responsible for removing these byproducts from the body?
the lungs and kidneys
What gas enters the blood during gas exchange and what gas exits the blood during gas exchange?
Oxygen enters, Carbon dioxide exits
What would happen to the body if gas exchange didn't occur.
Cellular respiration would never happen since there would be no oxygen and the cells would die without the energy that cellular respiration produces.
If Cellular respiration did still happen, carbon dioxide would build up in the blood and you would die from carbon dioxide poisoning.
Which specialized cell produces pigment to protect the body from UV light?
Melanocytes