Birds and dogs
What are the different sexual preferences across birds
Polygamous - chickens, turkeys
Monogamous - geese, quail
What is the difference in social play and learning between wolves and dogs
Wolves = structured play supporting hunting and cooperation
Dogs = extended play, strong reliance on social learning from humans
What are the mating behaviours of cats
Calling to attract males
Rolling around on the belly and the back
holding her tail to the side to expose genitalia
excessive affection
Excessive rubbing against inanimate objects
What is fish vision like
Cichlids, guppies and stickleback - UV is important for mate choice and species recognition
Who does the incubation, guarding and care of offspring within birds
Males - emus
Male and females - ostriches, geese
Female - chickens, turkeys
What is the difference in dominance and relationships between wolves and dogs
wolves = clear stable hierarchies within family units
Dogs = fluid relationships, dominance less consistent and context dependent
What is the play behaviour exhibited by cats
Primarily in juveniles
Social play increases from week 4-12 and then decreases
a kitten will play with its mother when no other kittens present
Isolated kittens may not learn how to play
When is chemosensory ability used
Feeding, predator recognition, mate choice, navigation
One of the greatest examples of animal migration = return of salmonids to their home streams
What is one of the most basic types of communication
Tail posturing
What is the difference in grouping between cheetahs, african lions, and domestic cat
cheetah - male group = females disperse and male siblings stay together
lions - females live in kinships, males live in groups and compete for females
Whats the difference between wild and hatchery fish
Wild = fish hatched and reared in a natural environment
Hatchery - fish bred by genetic crosses or wild eggs collected and hatched
What is cerebral lateralization
Fish prefer to use one side of their brain over the other when analysing source of info
Preference for using one eye or the other in social contexts influences the location rainbowfish prefer to adopt within a school
What is the difference in social structure between wolves and dogs
Wolves = stable family packs
dogs = flexible groups
How do cats communicate
Colonies are silent
Cats are territorial and can be lethal
Scent marking
What is fish stocking
Stocking cannot sustain a fishery above the productive capability of the lake, river or species
What are the different social structures for fish
Solitary - territorial fish
Schools - (large, tight groups) deep bodies of water, provide refuge to individual fish
Shoals - (small, loose groups) intermediate between solitary and school
What is the difference in communication between wolves and dogs
wolves = subtle, ritualized signals
Dogs = more variable
What is agonistic behaviour in cats
measured in threats - staring, horizontal tail, lashing of the tail, threatening postures, ritualized vocal duels, baring of canines, striking a paw, biting, non-sexual mount, chasing
What is aquaculture
Farming of fish, shellfish and seaweeds
Limited selection/domestication, captive rearing of wild stocks
Mostly bony fishes - carps, tilapia, catfish, sea bass, sea bream, salmonids (rainbow trout, atlantic salmon, artic char), flatfish
Invertebrates - mussels, shrimp, crayfish, oysters, softshell clams
What is welfare of captive fish influenced by
Fish health (water quality, stress, and behavioural needs) and owners provision of care (knowledge, attitudes, social norms, and media coverage)