John Locke
Locke believed every person receives these basic freedoms at birth.
Natural rights
Montesquieu believed government power should be divided using this principle.
Separation of powers
This ancient civilization developed the idea of democracy.
Ancient Greece
Rome used this form of government in which citizens selected people to govern them
A republic or representative government
The Ten Commandments helped shape ideas about morality, justice, and individual rights reflected in this American document.
The Bill of Rights
According to Locke, this is the main responsibility of government.
Protect the natural rights of citizens
Name the three branches of government.
Legislative, executive, and judicial
In Athens, citizens voted directly on laws. Name this form of government.
Direct democracy
These two groups participated in governing the Roman Republic.
The Senate and popular assemblies
The words “Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness” appear in this document.
The Declaration of Independence
Locke believed citizens could take this action if their government violated their rights.
Replace or overthrow the government
This system allows each branch to limit the power of the other branches.
Checks and balances
This means taking an active role in government and public affairs.
Civic participation
This written Roman legal code influenced later legal systems.
The Twelve Tables
“We the People” shows that government receives its power from this group.
The people or citizens
Locke’s ideas about natural rights strongly influenced this American document.
The Declaration of Independence
Montesquieu wanted to divide government power for this main reason.
To prevent one person or branch from becoming too powerful
Explain one major difference between Athenian democracy and American democracy.
Athenians voted directly, while Americans elect representatives
Rome influenced the United States to elect these people to make decisions for citizens.
Representatives
Greece influenced American democracy, while Rome strongly influenced this American form of government.
A republic or representative democracy
A government arrests people without cause and takes their property. According to Locke, explain why citizens may oppose it.
The government has failed to protect their natural rights
Congress passes a law, the president vetoes it, and Congress considers overriding the veto. This demonstrates what principle?
Checks and balances
Citizens gather to debate and vote personally on a new law. Which Greek political idea does this represent?
Direct democracy
Name two ways the Roman Republic influenced American government.
Representative government and written laws
Explain the difference between separation of powers and federalism.
Separation of powers divides power among branches. Federalism divides power between national and state governments.