Confucianism vs Legalism vs Daoism
What is the main focus of Confucianism?
The importance of personal virtue and respect for tradition.
What was the main material used for weapons during the Shang Dynasty?
Bronze.
What system of government did the Zhou implement?
Feudalism.
Who was the first emperor of the Qin Dynasty?
Qin Shi Huangdi.
What major inventions are credited to the Han Dynasty?
Paper & Wheel Barrell
Which philosophy emphasizes strict laws and harsh punishments?
Legalism.
Who ruled as the intermediary between the supreme being and mortals in the Shang Dynasty?
The kings
What is the Mandate of Heaven?
The belief that the heavens granted emperors the right to rule based on their virtue.
What major construction project was initiated during the Qin Dynasty?
The Great Wall of China; Terracotta Army
Who was the "Martial Emperor" of the Han Dynasty?
Emperor Wudi.
Who is considered the founder of Confucianism?
Confucius (Kong Fuzi).
What significant cultural development occurred during the Shang Dynasty?
The development of writing using ideographic symbols.
What significant period of conflict occurred towards the end of the Zhou Dynasty?
The Warring States Period.
What principle did the Qin Dynasty primarily follow?
Legalism.
What major trade route developed during the Han Dynasty?
The Silk Road.
What is the primary belief regarding human nature in Legalism? What did Daoism Represent?
Human nature is naturally selfish. ; Harmony with nature and peace with your neighbor/ balance in life and nature.
What was the nickname given to the Yellow River due to its devastating floods?
"China's Sorrow."
Describe Feudalism under the Zhou rulers?
Zhou rulers created a feudalistic government where nobles and lords were granted the use of land that belonged to the king.
What happened to Confucian scholars during the Qin Dynasty?
They were persecuted, and many of their texts were burned.
How did the Han Dynasty view Confucianism in terms of governance?
They adopted Confucian principles for their bureaucracy.
How did Confucianism influence government during the Han Dynasty?
It established a system of ethics that emphasized morality and proper governance. Believed leaders should lead by example and take care of their citizens.
What marked the end of the Shang Dynasty?
The Zhou Dynasty's claim that the Shang had lost the Mandate of Heaven.
What innovations did the Zhou Dynasty contribute to society?
Roads, canals, coined money, and blast furnaces for cast iron.
What significant administrative change did the Qin make to governance?
They divided China into military districts.
What was one major reason for the fall of the Han Dynasty?
Poor leadership and corruption among officials.