Vocabulary
Methods of Selecting Officials
Ways of Improving Economy
Cause Based Concepts
Wildcard
100
The method of selecting officials used during the Tang and Song dynasties by which candidates of proven merit entered to be part of the government. This method was not utilized by Han,Qin, and Mongol emperors.
What is Meritocracy?
100
Through many of these methods, farming was fastened and became easier, causing more time to be dedicated to the production of other products and the selling of these. This stimulated trade and commerce.
How did new farming techniques contribute in the improvement of economy?
100
A new, faster growing rice seed.
What caused rice production to increase?
100
The right to govern was based on this. According to it, heaven had chosen a particular dynasty to rule. As long as the emperor rule well, he/she was supported. Natural disasters such as floods and plagues were signs that heaven was displeased. If the emperor ruled badly he/she could be overthrown.
What is the mandate of heaven?
200
Qin, Han, and Yuan emperors did not utilize the method by which proven merit gave many the chance to enter as a part of the government. Rather, they used a highly complex body of officials with different levels of authority to help rule the government.
What is a bureaucracy?
200
Through this method, members of a dynasty were to rule the country and had been given the right to rule by the mandate of heaven. According to this, if the emperor ruled badly he/she could be overthrown.
How did the imperial government provide with a method of selecting officials for China?
200
This growing class contributed in many improvements in the methods of managing wealth and money in China. Through selling products they stimulated business as well as the use of currency.
How did merchants contribute in improving economy?
200
When in 220 corrupt or dishonest government officials came to seize control of the government, many disastrous events followed which eventually resulted in the rebellion of farmers and warlords.
What is the reason that Han emperors lost power?
200
These are examples of dynasties.
What is Han, Qin, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming?
300
Many times in early Chinese history, members of a higher social class had a higher chance of entering the government and becoming officials.
What is the aristocracy?
300
When, during the 13th century, the Yuan took over mopst of Asia, they also conquered China and divided the society into four classes: The Yuan were first, then came foreigners, next came Northern Chinese, and last came Southern Chinese. The Emperor of this empire most commonly selected friends or relatives to be a part of the government as they were considered more trustworthy. However, fighting, greed, or corruption of the chosen officials weakened the government of the Chinese.
How was the Mongol method used to select officials for China?
300
Increased food production provided more time to procuce other crops such as tea, cotton cloth, and fabric. Landowners therefore became more wealthy, this also resulted in the encouragement of growth of trade.
How did agriculture improve economy?
300
The movement of many from norther China to Southern China caused more land to be devoted to farming. A new rice, more rapidly-growing rice seed was introduced to many farmers providing with much more rice to hold the population. New, more efficient farming tools, and methods were provided and fastened the process of the growth of crops. New irrigation systems also contributed to this. All these contributed to many improvements.
What caused improvements in agriculture?
300
The concept on which civil service examinations were based on. These taught to act prroperly under five relationships: Father and Son, Ruler and Subject, Older Sibling and Younger Sibling, Husband and Wife, and Friend and Friend. Under these relationships officials were expected to be rational, moral, and able to maintain order.
What is the Confucian Philosophy?
400
When the Han dynasty collapsed, some of the individuals that rebelled were those operating outside the government as military leaders. These rebelled along with farmers.
What is a warlord?
400
This system was used to select people of a higher social stance in order to rule the government.These individuals were often given more importance.
How was the aristocracy used to select officials for China?
400
This resulted n the growth of the merchant class causing more business. These brought more prosperity giving China the highest living standard in the world. Through these commercial centers grew into big cities improvements in the government's way of managing wealth and money.
How did trade and commerce improve economy?
400
Many wealthy landowners were eager to buy luxuries which were provided by merchants. This increased the number of artisans. Also, improvement in navigation systems caused this to occur in foreign countries, increasing business. This also caused currency to be introduced in ancient China.
What caused the growth of trade and commerce?
400
This class was not well thought of as they were believed to have sold items without having produced them. This was thought to be wrong.
How were merchants thought about through Confucian eyes?
500
A system by which hardworking officials proved to be worthy of a place in the Empire's government. Based neo-Confucianism.
What is Civil Service Exam?
500
Through civil service examinations this was created and contributed greatly to the improvement in the Empire's government. It created a fair, equal way for individuals to enter the government and gave all classes and equal chance of being important officials. Candidates were expected to be hardworking, skilled, and talented and had been given a chance to prove their merit.
How was the system of meritocracy used to select government officials for China?
500
This changed the daily life of many Chinese. Cities became vibrant centers of activity. Public-works projects provided employment for city dwellers. This stimulated culture bringing success to many artists.
How did urbanization improve economy?
500
The growth of commerce caused people to move to cities and towns. Here, many people were provided with a variety of choices in occupation. Warlords prefered the shops and social life of cities. Also, with a bigger population came more business which led to this.
What caused urbanization to occur during the Song and Tang dynasties?
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