Ancient Egypt
What were the pyramids built of?
Limestone on the outside and sandstone on the inside
The pyramids were tombs for Pharaohs and they believed the gods would bring them into the afterlife and that they would need to be found in order to be brought into the afterlife. The pyramids were to draw awareness to the burial of the Pharaoh to be found
What is the most famous building known today in Rome?
The Colosseum
Explain how aqueducts work.
The water from the springs or mountain which is very clean would go through a bridge that would go to the water and through the mountains of the city. The aqueducts were angled downward to allow for the natural movement of water downward and into the city
What building techniques did the Greeks use?
support columns made of stone to help distribute the weight bearing load
What is two tools that the Egyptians used to move heavy stones?
1) ramps
2) cranes
How did the building practises of Ancient Egypt impact the buildings of the modern day?
- use of simple machines to make work easier
- Egyptians created scaffolding in construction
- created the first crane
- Egyptians helped to create early arithmetics to help in design and to ensure precision and accuracy, as well as symmetry
What do the Romans and the Greeks have in common?
They both used columns in their architectural designs
What is the role of the arch?
It distributes the weight of the bearing load at the centerpoint of the arch
What were the three types of columns used in Ancient Greece?
Doric, Ionic and Corinthian
What type of ramp did the Egyptians use to build the pyramids?
An incline ramp around the pyramid
What were the Ancient Egyptians well known for?
They were known to be the first builders known to man
What did the ancient Romans accidentally create?
Concrete
Was the ancient concrete superior to modern day concrete?
- volcanic ash was used
- more rocks incorporated (more dense)
What were the Ancient Greeks most known for?
Urban planning (grid style building patterns)
What were the four simple machines used for in pyramid construction and what were they designed to do?
- Inclined Plane (allowed builders to reach new heights)
- Pulleys (used to bring materials to various heights at the site)
- Levers (helped builders move heavy stones and blocks)
- Wedge (separate stones)
Where were the pyramids located in Egypt?
Located in Giza - strategically close to the Nile River (easier to bring materials from other places)
Why were some Roman buildings so well preserved while others broke down over time?
They used concrete (made of volcanic ash). Some buildings were broke down due to wars, natural disasters, stolen materials, their location, their age, their shape, and the building materials that were used.
Which building techniques can be observed in Ancient Rome that are still used in the modern day?
- Arches
- Concrete
- Aqueducts (piping)
- Ship building
- Irrigation systems
- Public health drainage
- Highways (containing arches)
- Mathematical formulas
- Domes/circular stadiums
What metal was especially integrated into the ancient Greeks' building design?