This is an arc shaped region stretching from the Mediterranean through the the Tigris and Euphrates river valleys to the northern reaches of the Persian Gulf, was known for its rich soil, which made it easier to grow crops.
What is the Fertile Crescent.
100
This is how one would describe the difference between ASTRONOMY and ASTROLOGY.
What is:
ASTRONOMY is the study of the universe, including stars and planets.
ASTROLOGY is the belief that the positions and movements of stars and planets can affect or predict life on Earth.
100
This is the term for a foreign soldier hired by another country to fight in its army.
What is a mercenary.
100
The beginning of the Old Kingdom is marked by this event.
What is the unification of upper and lower Egypt by Hourus-Aha, AKA Menes "the Fighter"
100
This was one of the main disadvantages faced by civilizations that were established in Mesopotamia.
What is vulnerability to invasions because of a lack of natural protections or barriers.
200
This is roughly how many years ago that human in this area changed their lifestyle from nomadic hunter-gatherers to farmers.
What is ca. 5,500-5,000 years BP.
200
Babylon was originally a town belonging to this Mesopotamian civilization.
What is Akkadian.
200
This was the capital of Assyria.
What was Ashur.
200
This civilization attacked and conquered Egypt by using superior military technology, thus ending the Middle Kingdom.
Who were the Hyksos.
200
This is a term which refers to a population center with an independent government and infrastructure.
What is a city-state.
300
This was the first group of people to inhabit Mesopotamia, after they left their mountainous homeland to settle in the plains and deltas near the Persian Gulf.
Who were the Sumerians.
300
This structure, created during the reign of Nebuchadnezzar (II), was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
What was the Hanging Gardens of Babylon... Bonus points if you can tell me WHY it was built.
300
These were TWO advantages of Assyria over Babylonia.
What is:
-had access to water (Tigris) without the need for elaborate irrigation systems (canals)
-received more rainfall annually
-had more access to rocks and stone for building materials
300
These were the regional governors began to act more independently from the central authorities (king), eventually leading to the end of the Old Kingdom period.
Who were the nomarchs.
300
This is the meaning of the Latin word CUNEUS, from which we get the word CUNEIFORM.
What is "wedge".
400
This is the period when the Sumerians flourished in Mesopotamia.
When is 3,500 BCE to 2,000 BCE.
400
This was a way in which the Code of Hammurabi applied differently to different people.
What is how the code distinguished different punishments based on one's class.
400
These are TWO major achievements of Hittite civilization
What is:
-One of the first civilizations to use iron
-Signed the first recorded treaty to end hostilities between two major cultures
-Established a set of laws considered the fairest of the time
400
This was the period of time (range of dates) which represents Ancient Egyptian Civilization, including the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms.
What is 3,100 BCE to 332 BCE
400
The Akkadians, who moved into Sumeria from the Arabian Peninsula, spoke this type of language, which is related to Arabic and Hebrew.
What is a Semitic language.
500
Name THREE achievements of Sumerian civilization.
What is:
-first city-states
-invented written language
-development of math and science (year and circle divided into 360 parts)
-12 month calendar (based on lunar cycles)
-used wheel for vehicles
-invented the plow and sailboat
500
This is how many laws are written in the Code of Hammurabi.
What is 281. The laws are numbered from1 to 282... bonus if you can explain why #282 is really only the 281st law!
500
These are THREE major achievements of the Assyrian civilization.
What is
-Created the first library
-Built a system of roads
-Ruled their extended kingdom with appointed governors
-First to develop a standing army
-Developed a mail service
500
These are THREE ways the Egyptians used papyrus, ASIDE from it's use as a material used for creating a paper-like substance.
What is it's use in the production of:
-mats
-ropes
-toys
-boats
500
As Assyrian power in Mesopotamia waned, it was eventually absorbed by this kingdom, which introduced trained horses and chariots to this port of the world.