Pharaohs
A pharaoh who ruled from about the age of 9 to 18-19. His tomb remained untouched until 1922 when it was discovered by archaeologist Howard Carter.
Who is Tutankhamun (or King Tut)?
The only people that could read and write in ancient Egypt.
Who are scribes?
The very top of the social hierarchy, these people were considered gods on Earth.
Who are the Pharaohs?
Egypt is located in this area.
Where is Africa (the northeast corner of Africa)?
Who are the priests?
The first female pharaoh, she organized a two-year trading expedition to Punt.
Who is Hatshepsut?
Explain the role of a pharaoh
King - Appointed/chose governors, who served as judges and collected crops as taxes
General - In charge of the military
Religious leader - Believed to be gods on Earth, supreme power, their word was law and could not be disobeyed
This social class was responsible for building the pyramids and farming the land.
Who are the peasants?
What is papyrus?
The test that ancient Egyptians were put through to see if they could get to the Land of Two Fields.
What is the Weighing of the Heart?
The pharaoh that ordered the building of the Great Pyramid at Giza.
Who is Khufu?
A system of writing made up of about 700-800 picture-signs.
What are hieroglyphics?
This group created goods that could be traded, playing an important role in ancient Egypt's economy.
Who are the artisans?
The body of water that the Nile River empties into.
What is the Mediterranean Sea?
Explain the importance of a Book of the Dead.
The Book of the Dead is a collection of texts written on papyrus. It contains magic spells to assist a dead person’s journey through the Duat, or the underworld, and into the afterlife. People paid to have scribes write their Book of the Dead, and so different people’s books included different spells to help them on their journey.
At first, only pharaohs had a Book of the Dead, but eventually, Egyptians began to believe that regular people could also reach the afterlife.
He encouraged the arts and literature to flourish during his rule. He also left behind the White Chapel.
Who is Senusret?
What is one right that women had in ancient Egypt?
The right to choose their husband, right to divorce, right to own their own business, right to own property, right to rule as pharaoh (called female kings)
Explain the definition of a social hierarchy. What does this term mean? How does a social hierarchy work?
Social hierarchy - A system of ranking social classes to show how different levels play different roles and have different amounts of power/status.
This is why the flooding of the Nile River was so important and celebrated.
It provided fertile soil for farming.
He is the god of the underworld.
Who is Osiris?
The pharaoh who signed the world’s first peace treaty and was known for his military leadership.
Who is Ramses II?
This was the job of the royal vizier.
Collect taxes, advise the pharaoh, and enforce laws.
Name two different specific government officials
The vizier, the chief treasurer, and the general of the armies
This is at the end of the Nile River.
What is the Nile River Delta?
Explain the difference between the Ka and Ba.
Ba = your personality, flew around during the day to watch over your family.
Ka = wards off evil, needs nourishment (buried with food in the tomb), flew off to the Land of Two Fields during the day.