Pharaohs
Howard Carter
Which direction did the Nile flow and why?
North
Higher elevation in the south and lower elevation in the north
what organ was left in the body and why was it left in the body?
heart
needed in the afterlife
What was the life-changing event towards the end of the Paleolithic time period that helped them survive?
Control of fire!
What does pharaoh mean?
Great house
Pharaoh known for building projects and trade
Hatshepsut
What is a delta?
Triangle shaped land made from soil deposited by the river.
What was the ka, what happened to the ka after death, and what did they believe the ka needed?
The life force of the body, stayed in the tomb, and it needed things that they would need when alive.
What does specialization mean?
to have a specific job
What is a sarcophagus?
Burial coffin
Which pharaoh united Lower and Upper Egypt?
Menes (Narmer)
What nutrients in the soil did the Nile River flooding provide the people with?
silt
What were the canopic jars for AND what did they represent?
For holding the liver, intestines, stomach and lungs. They represented the gods protecting the organs.
What type of lifestyle did the Paleolithic people have?
- nomads (moved from place to place)
- hunter/gatherers
What was the Book of the Dead?
A collection of spells and prayers needed to help guide people through the afterlife.
Which pharaoh changed the religion to monotheism?
Amenhotep IV (Akenhaten)
What was a shaduf?
A hand operated device used to lift water.
Why should a person's body be preserved?
If the body decayed, the Ka would not recognize it.
What type of lifestyle did Neolithic people live?
- a settled lifestyle where they would build villages next to rivers
What was a tribute?
forced payment
What led to pharaohs no longer being trusted at the end of the Old Kingdom?
Drought, famine (lack of food), higher taxes
What are three things that provided Egypt with NATURAL protection?
1- Cataracts (waterfalls and rapids)
2- Desert on west side and east side
3- Nile Delta
4- Red Sea or Mediterranean Sea
Explain the embalming process (4-5 steps)
- all organs are removed except for the heart
- 4 organs are placed in canopic jars
-body was dried in natron for many weeks
- body is covered in resin and linen (might have charms placed in it)
- body is placed in a burial coffin (sarcophagus)
What was the Rosetta Stone and why was it important?
A stone found with 3 languages. It lead to being able to decipher/read hieroglyphics.
How did the Hyksos have an advantage over the Egyptians?
- they had better weapons