Nile Geography & Early Egypt
The Greek writer Herodotus called Egypt “the gift of the ___."
What is the Nile?
A series of rulers from the same family.
What is a dynasty?
The king of Upper Egypt who invaded Lower Egypt and united the two kingdoms around 3100 BC.
Who is Menes?
Egypt’s writing system made up of symbols that represented sounds.
What are hieroglyphics?
The kingdom that developed in Nubia, south of Egypt, where yearly Nile floods supported farming.
What is Kush?
A triangle-shaped area of land made from soil deposited by a river.
What is a delta?
The ruler of unified Egypt; the title literally means “great house.”
What is a pharaoh?
The Old Kingdom is also described as the ___ Dynasty.
What is the Third Dynasty?
A long-lasting, paperlike substance made from reeds.
What is papyrus?
One item the Kushites sent Egypt that was a “human resource” (listed with gold, copper, ebony, and ivory).
What are slaves?
Steep rapids on the Nile that were almost impossible to sail by boat.
What are cataracts
A government where religious leaders have power to make, approve, or enforce laws.
What is a theocracy?
The period of stability and order between about 2050 and 1750 BC.
What is the Middle Kingdom?
A stone slab discovered in 1799 that helped scholars read hieroglyphics because it included Greek meanings.
What is the Rosetta Stone?
The Kushite king who conquered all of Egypt.
Who is Piankhi?
Upper Egypt was located ___river in relation to the Nile’s flow.
What is upriver?
In the Old Kingdom, there was little separation between religion and government because Egyptians believed this about the pharaoh.
What is “the pharaoh was both a king and a god”?
The Egyptian who drove away invaders and began the eighteenth dynasty in 1550 BC.
Who is Ahmose?
Egyptians had a lunar and a solar 12-month calendar; this one was more accurate.
What is the solar calendar?
When Assyrians invaded around 670 BC, their iron weapons were better than Kush’s ___ weapons.
What is bronze?
Name the two towns that served as the capitals of Lower and Upper Egypt before unification.
What are Pe (Lower Egypt) and Nekhen (Upper Egypt)?
In Egypt’s social classes, this was the largest class and was often used as laborers by the pharaoh.
What is the lower class (farmers/servants)
The New Kingdom ruler renowned for expanding Egyptian trade by establishing new paths for traders.
Who is Queen Hatshepsut?
In Egyptian paintings, people were shown in different sizes depending on this.
What is their stature/status in society?
The Aksumite king who invaded so Kush fell—and who later made Christianity the official religion in the late 300s.
Who is King Ezana?