The Nile and Geography
These natural barriers protected Egypt from invasions and helped early Egyptian civilization develop safely.
What are the deserts?
This term refers to a line of rulers from one family.
What is a dynasty?
One of the few female pharaohs who focused on trade and building, bringing peace and prosperity to Egypt.
Who is Hatshepsut?
This type of government combines religious and political authority, which ancient Egypt had.
What is a theocracy?
These two kingdoms formed in Nubia.
What are Kerma and Kush?
This tool was used by ancient Egyptians to transfer river water to storage basins for irrigation.
What is a shadoof?
This reed plant grows wild along the Nile River and was used to make paper.
What is papyrus?
This pharaoh tried to make Egypt monotheistic by promoting worship of only the god Aton, but weakened Egypt politically.
Who is Akhenaten (also called Amenhotep IV)?
These two gods were the most important to ancient Egyptians because they controlled the sun and the Nile River.
Who are Re and Hapi?
This city in Kush became a great trading center because it had rich iron ore deposits and access to the Nile.
What is Meroë?
Name THREE ways ancient Egyptians depended on the Nile River to survive.
What are: irrigation for crops, transportation, food (fish), and fertile soil for farming?
A government official who helps run the government and carry out the pharaoh's orders.
What is a bureaucrat?
This pharaoh unified Upper and Lower Egypt and established Memphis as the new capital.
Who is Narmer?
This religious text contained instructions and spells to help the dead in the afterlife.
What is the Book of the Dead?
This pharaoh finished conquering Egypt and founded the 25th dynasty that ruled both Egypt and Kush.
Who is Piye?
The Nile River provided this essential resource that allowed early Egyptians to grow crops and survive.
What is irrigation water?
This is the process of treating a body to prevent it from decaying.
What is embalming?
This Old Kingdom pharaoh is famous for having the Great Pyramid built.
Who is Khufu?
The primary purpose of pyramids in ancient Egypt was to do this.
What is to honor and protect deceased pharaohs and their belongings?
Unlike Egyptian farmers, early Nubian farmers did NOT depend heavily on Nile flooding because of this.
What is rainfall on the savannas?
Early Egyptians called their land "Kemet." What does this term refer to?
What is the dark, fertile soil left by Nile floods?
A flat grassland, sometimes with scattered trees, found in tropical or subtropical regions like parts of Nubia.
What is a savanna?
This pharaoh is famous for building massive temples, fighting the Hittites, and signing a peace treaty with them.
Who is Ramses II?
This is one of the main similarities between Kush and Ancient Egypt
What is worshiping many of the same gods?
The Kingdom of Kush (Meroë) declined around 350 A.D. due to this invasion.
What is the invasion and destruction by the Kingdom of Axum?