Nile & Beginnings
What river was the center of Egyptian civilization?
The Nile River
What was the title given to the kings of ancient Egypt?
Pharaoh
What was the Egyptian writing system made up of pictures and alphabetic symbols called?
Hieroglyphics
What did Egyptians believe happened after death?
They believed in an afterlife
Which pharaoh's tomb was discovered untouched in 1922?
Tutankhamun (King Tut)
What fertile material did the river leave behind when it flooded each year?
Silt
What is a dynasty?
A line of rulers from a single family
What material, made from pressed reeds, did Egyptians use as paper?
Papyrus
What was an early Egyptian royal tomb called - a small, rectangular building with a flat roof?
Mastaba
Which pharaoh renamed himself after the sun god Aten?
Akenaten
What tool did Egyptian farmers use to lift water from the river into irrigation channels?
A shaduf
What city did King Menes establish as Egypt's capital?
Memphis
What were people called who spent years learning to read and write in ancient Egypt?
Scribes
Which architect built the first pyramid for Pharaoh Zoser?
Imhotep
What major religious change did Akhenaten try to introduce?
Monotheism
What two areas did King Menes bring together to unify Egypt?
Lower and Upper Egypt
What did Egyptians believe about their pharaohs, and what did they receive in return for serving them?
Pharaohs were seen as gods, and people received leadership and protection
What famous stone contained the same text in three writing systems or languages and helped scholars decipher ancient Egyptian writing?
The Rosetta Stone
Which pharaoh commissioned the Great Pyramid at Giza?
Khufu
Which pharaoh made Egypt a strong military power?
Ramses I
What three things did Egypt share that helped make it the first nation-state?
One language
One culture
One king
Name the four major periods of ancient Egyptian history
Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, New Kingdom, and Late Period
Egyptians believed in many gods. What word describes this belief?
Polytheism
What famous Egyptian monument has a lion's body and a man's head and represents the god Ra?
The Great Sphinx
Which pharaoh made a peace treaty with the Hittites that included marrying the Hittite king's daughter?
Ramses II