Egyptian Environment
The river on which Ancient Egypt developed
The Nile River
The highest official in Egyptian society
The Pharaoh
Polytheistic
The belief in or worship of more than one god
The reason that Ancient Greece was not a single, unified country
Mountains divided mainland Greece into small valleys, and islands were separated from each other by the sea
The two kingdom divisions of Egypt
Lower Egypt (North)
Upper Egypt (South)
The first pharaoh of Egypt
King Menes
The typical categories of Egyptian art
Religious (temples, pyramids) or political (statues of pharaohs)
The way that Ancient Greeks obtained most of their food
A lot of their food came from the Mediterranean Sea. They were expert sailors and crossed the sea for trade.
Benefits of the Nile River
Water for human needs and agriculture and was the main route of communications
The capital of Egypt during the Old Kingdom
Memphis
The most important god in Egyptian society
The Sun, called Ran or Amun
Greeks shared the same culture and language, though each territory had its own version of this
Government and Laws
The name given to Egypt by Greek historian Herodotus
The Gift of the Nile
The capital of Egypt during the Middle Kingdom
Thebes
Two (2) sacred animals and their associated gods
Cat - Bastet
Cow - Hathor
Falcon/Hawk - Horus
Ibis - Thoth
Jackal/Dog/Fox - Anubis
Ram - Khnum
Bull - Apis
Crocodile - Sobek
The original name of the Greek-speaking world
Hellas
The significance of red and white pharaohs' crowns
Red Crown: Power over Lower Egypt
White Crown: Power over Upper Egypt
List and describe 5 levels of Egyptian Society
Pharaoh: Absolute power, owned much of the land; hierarchy
Nobles: Governed the provinces
Priests: Directed religious rituals
Scribes: Kept official records
Soliders: Protected the frontiers
Peasants: Majority of people; worked the land
Craftsmen: Made sculptures, papyrus, and linen
Merchants: Exchanged products as they didn't use money
Servants: Free people that worked for a salary
Slaves: Often prisoners of war; no rights
List the steps of mummification
(1) Clean the body, then (2) remove the brain and (3) drain the blood. (4) Remove the organs and (5) dry them before placing them into (6) canopic jars. (7) Rinse the inside of the body with wines and spices, (8) dry the body with salts, then (9) fill the body with sand or linen to give it a human shape. Finally, (10) wrap the body in bandages and (11) place it into a sarcophagus.
The areas on which Ancient Greece was spread
The south of the Balkan Peninsula, on islands in the Mediterranean and on the coast of Asia Minor (now Turkey)