early humans
Early humans mostly survived by
hunting and gathering,
What is the definition of civilization?
= organized society
What is the definition of Pharaoh?
a ruler of ancient Egypt
What is the type of writing that they used in Ancient Egypt?
Hieroglyphics
Hieroglyphics were in the shape of what?
Pictures instead of letters.
A tool made by early humans is called a
artifact
What is the definition of a pharoah?
ruler, god-king
Who was the famous female pharaoh?
Hatshepsut
How does the Torah help historians?
The Torah records beliefs, laws, and events. It shows daily life and values. Historians compare it with artifacts. It helps explain Israelite society. It provides a written record of ancient times.
Describe how Jewish beliefs influenced later religions.
Influenced Christianity, Islam.
Mesopotamia was located between which two rivers?
Tigris & Euphrates
What is the definition of social pyramid?
A pyramid outline showing the positions of social classes according to their status in society.
Explain what the Diaspora was.
Scattering of Jews.
How did the Nile help Egypt grow strong?
The Nile’s floods left rich soil for farming. Extra food helped the population grow. The river allowed easy trade and transportation. Flooding was predictable, so farming was stable. Wealth from farming built a strong government.
Explain why the Ten Commandments are important in Judaism.
Rules for moral life.
The first written laws in Mesopotamia were created by
Hammurabi
WHo was the first king of israelites?
saul
Who was Egypt ruled by?
Pharaohs/pharaohs ruled after the kingdoms were established.
List accomplishments of the New Kingdom
Pharaohs like Hatshepsut increased trade. Thutmose III expanded Egypt’s land. Ramses II built big temples. The army became stronger. Egypt reached its peak power.
Describe how flooding of the Nile helped Egyptian farmers.
Flooding left rich silt for farming.
Describe how early humans used fire and why it was important for survival.
Fire used for warmth, protection, cooking food.
Explain why Mesopotamia is called “The Cradle of Civilization.
Mesopotamia was one of the first places where advanced societies formed. Farming was successful because of the rivers. People created writing, laws, and large cities. They invented tools like the wheel. Many later civilizations learned from their ideas.
Explain the mummification process and why Egyptians believed it was important.
The body was washed, organs removed, dried with salt, and wrapped in linen. The process preserved the body. Egyptians believed in life after death. They thought the soul needed the body. Priests performed prayers during the process.
What was the belief of israelites and how was it different than other people?
Israelites believed in one God. Most neighbors believed in many gods. They followed laws from their covenant with God. The Ten Commandments guided behavior. Their beliefs shaped later religions.
Explain how trade helped the civilization of Kush grow strong.
Trade brought wealth, iron, gold.