Geography
What yearly event helped farmers grow crops along the Nile?
The annual flooding of the Nile.
What is the Egyptian word for extra food that allowed specialization?
Surplus
What were pyramids built to be?
Tombs for pharaohs.
What process preserved bodies for the afterlife?
Mummification
Belief in many gods is called what?
Polytheism
What desert protected Egypt from invasion?
The Sahara Desert
What job did MOST Egyptians have?
Farmers
What is the most famous pyramid site in Egypt?
Giza
What organ was left inside the body because it was believed to control thoughts?
The heart
Who was the god of the afterlife?
Osiris
What is the name of the triangular marshland at the mouth of the Nile?
The Nile Delta
What class was at the bottom of the social pyramid?
Slaves/Laborers
What stone helped historians learn how to read hieroglyphics?
The Rosetta Stone
What jars were used to store organs removed from the body?
Canopic jars
What monument has a lion’s body and a human head?
The Great Sphinx
Why was Egypt called “The Gift of the Nile”?
The river allowed civilization to survive.
Name one specialized job that existed BECAUSE of surplus farming.
Scribe, architect, soldier, stonecutter, government official, etc.
Name one reason building the pyramids was difficult.
Size of stones, labor coordination, engineering, transportation, etc.
What test decided whether someone entered the afterlife?
The Weighing of the Heart
What did Egyptians believe happened after death?
The soul traveled to the afterlife (if judged worthy).
What direction does the Nile flow?
South to North
What did children’s futures depend on in Ancient Egypt - job or social class?
Social class determined most jobs.
Name one theory about how the pyramids were built.
Ramps, internal spiral ramps, water lubrication, counterweights/lever systems, etc.
What book included spells and instructions for the afterlife?
The Book of the Dead
What did Egyptians think gods controlled?
All parts of life — nature, weather, success, health, etc.