Geography and Climate
What are the three environmental factors that affected where people settled?
What is Water, topography, and vegetation
Where was Phoenicia located?
Along the Mediterranean Sea north of Canaan
What shape was Egypt’s social structure and why?
A pyramid, to show that there were more less and less people in each social class as you move up the pyramid
Which official collected taxes?
The chief treasurer
What was a major purpose for building the pyramids?
Tombs for when pharaohs died
Why was water the most important factor for early settlers?
People needed it for drinking, farming, food, and transportation
Why were the Phoenicians successful traders?
They were skilled sailors and lived on the coast
Who was at the very top of the social pyramid?
The pharaoh
What special role did priests have after someone died?
Preparing bodies for the afterlife (embalming)
Which phrase best describes Hatshepsut’s monument at Dayr al-Bahri?
A. a pyramid constructed in the open desert
B. a mud-brick structure found on an island
C. a shrine dug out of rock below ground level
D. a great temple built into a cliff above the river
D. a great temple built into a cliff above the river
How did rivers help farmers grow crops?
Rivers provided water and flooding that fertilized the soil
What purple dye made the Phoenicians famous and what did the color symbolize?
Tyrian purple and it symbolized royalty
What is the largest social class in Egypt?
Peasants
What writing system did scribes learn and how long did training take?
Hieroglyphs and 12 years
Who signed the world’s first peace treaty?
Egypt and the Hittites
What type of land was best for farming: mountains, deserts, or plains?
What is cultural diffusion?
The spread of ideas and goods between cultures
How did most government officials get their jobs?
They inherited the position from a family member
What important structures did artisans help create?
temples, tombs, and monuments
Senusret I controlled a source of natural resources that were used in beau?ful works of art. What was that source?
mines for gold, copper, and gems
What is one main crop that Ancient Egyptians grew?
wheat or barley
Q: What did the Phoenicians create that we still use today and how did knowledge of it spread?
An alphabet and it spread through trade
How were artisans viewed by upper classes?
What was the main job of peasants and what did they do during flooding season?
farming & building projects
I ruled Egypt for more than 60 years. I was a famous military leader. I had hundreds of statues of me built all over Egypt. Who was I?
Ramses II