GEOGRAPHY
THE OLD KINGDOM
THE MIDDLE KINGDOM
THE NEW KINGDOM
GIFTS OF THE EGYPTIANS
100
This body of water runs 4000 miles and cuts through the desert of Egypt where it finally empties into the Mediterranean sea via the delta.
What is the Nile River.
100
The Old Kingdom lasted from 3100 B.C. to 2186 B.C. During this time Egyptian cities developed and became centers for trade. Groups of these would travel to different parts of Egypt, Africa and the Mediterranean to trade things.
What are caravans?
100
The Middle Kingdom lasted from 2040 B.C. to 1630 B.C. Egypt's capital was located here.
What is Thebes?
100
The New Kingdom began around 1600 B.C. This period of time strong pharaoh's ruled Egypt. This pharaoh used Egypt's strong army to annex new territory and spread Egyptian influence all the was down into Africa. She was also Egypt's first female pharaoh.
Who was Hatshepsut?
100
This important invention around 3000 B.C. allowed people to write on paper rather than stone. It was made from a reed plant that grew in the Nile River.
What was papyrus?
200
The Egyptians planned their planting and harvesting seasons around this annual event which provided water for irrigation and rich soil for farming. This occurred in the spring when the snow from the mountains melted and rains fell.
What is the Nile river flooding.
200
Known as the rulers of Egypt they were both kings and priests. They were thought to be gods and owned all the land and water and controlled the lives of their people.
What are pharaohs?
200
During this time Egyptians built this to help with trade. It joined the Nile River with business centers near the Red Sea.
What is a canal?
200
He took over as pharaoh after Hatshepsut died. This pharaoh continued to win new territory for Egypt. He built army bases throughout Asia, and organized a navy to conquer cities along the Mediterranean Sea.
Who was Thutmose III?
200
Archaeologists discovered this famous scroll which contained information about how to set broken bones, check a heartbeat, and how to deal with high fevers and illnesses. This was was proof that the ancient Egyptians knew about this field of science.
What was medicine?
300
The Egyptians traveled the Nile highway in boats. They traveled with the current and against the southern flowing current by use of these.
What is boats with large sails.
300
Used as tombs to bury their dead rulers, there are over 75 of these stone buildings still standing in Egypt. The three most famous are located in and area called Giza near the modern city of Cairo.
What are pyramids?
300
This was a large bowl like area where Egyptians stored water for irrigation to water their fields during the dry months.
What is a basin?
300
This pharaoh challenged Egyptian religious beliefs by believing that Aton, the sun god, was the only god. He closed down temples of the other gods and took power away from the priests.
Who was Ikhnaton?
300
Egyptians were skilled builders and built these tall pointed stone pillars in addition to statues, pyramids and tombs.
What are obelisks?
400
A triangular shaped fertile area of land at the mouth of a river.
What is a delta.
400
Egyptians believed you would go here after you died. To make pharaohs comfortable here they were often buried with treasures, food, clothing, jewelery and beautiful artwork.
What is the afterlife?
400
During the Middle Kingdom Egyptians changed some of their beliefs and the way they looked at things. Name three major differences in Egyptian thought between the Old and Middle Kingdom.
What is pharaohs shared power with government officials, Egyptians believed that all people would live forever and mummified their dead, pharaohs were no longer buried in pyramids but instead buried in tombs cut into the cliffs near Thebes.
400
Many people did not like the belief in one god, priests were angry over losing power, they began to fight with the pharaoh. Due to all these distractions Egypt was not able to focus on protecting itself and was invaded by many different people. Egypt was finally ruled by these people from the fertile cresent.
Who were the Persians?
400
Egyptians made figures and statues out of wood, bronze and copper, made beautiful jewelery, furniture, carvings and pottery. This proves that the Egyptians were very skilled at this.
What is artwork?
500
The Nile River begins here and ends here.
What is the mountains of central Africa and the Mediterranean Sea.
500
Around 2100 B.C. the Old Kingdom ended. The pharaohs began to loose power to government officials. City leaders and people of Egypt began fighting among themselves. Egypts economy collapsed and this broke out.
What is Civil War?
500
Around 1630 B.C., Egypt was invaded by these skilled warriors from Asia. They had horse drawn carriages, bronze and iron weapons and armor to protect their bodies. For the first time these foreigners ruled Egypt.
Who were the Hyksos?
500
The splendor of ancient Egypt ended in 30 B.C. when this famous Egyptian Queen killed herself to avoid surrendering Egypt to the Romans.
Who was Cleopatra?
500
Give three different example of how Egyptians demonstrated the use of mathematics.
What are base ten system for counting, measurement, weights, and geometry to survey land, collected taxes
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