Intro & Vocabulary
Define Hieroglyphics
Symbols that stand for words, ideas, and sounds. Both used signs that represented Phonemes (sounds) and Logograms (images representing words or phrases)
Scholars are unsure on who developed the writing first. true or false?
True
Where were the tombs of early rulers located?
Underground, and they were buried with items the ruler may need in their Afterlife
What is the purpose of the sphinx?
Guardian to the Pyramids of Giza
Examples of Chemistry Achievements in Ancient Egyptian Civilization.
Forms of Glass, Wall paint, Cosmetics
Define Papyrus
A writing surface similar to a paper named after the papyrus Reed that grew along the Nile River
Name two books of Egyptian literature
“Book of the Dead” & “Tale of Sinuhe”"
What was the name of the architect, Vizier, Statesman and Chief minister to Djoser
Imhotep
What was the problem with the Egyptian Lunar Calendar?
Over the years, the seasons would not match the lunar Calendar because seasons follow the movement of the sun.
Who was Djoser?
The first king of Egypt in the Third Dynasty
What are the two forms of writing develop around the same time in the Ancient times
Cuneiform and Hieroglyphics
Explain the "Tale of Sinuhe”
Story of a Man who fears his death and escapes Egypt after the death of the Pharaoh
What were the three types of Pyramids in the evolution of Pyramids?
Mastaba, Stepped Pyramids, True (Triangular) Pyramids
The Egyptians decided to change their calendar to the Solar Calendar which had 365 days however what was the problem with the Solar Calendar? Who discovered it and solved it?
The Greeks realized that the Solar Calendar was not exactly 365 days but rather 356.2422 days. So the Greeks added a Leap year. Every four years, they would add an extra day
The stepped Pyramids was made up of how many blocks?
Six block Mound
The word "Papyrus" is the root word for which English word?
Paper
What are the two civilizations that started writing together?
Mesopotamia/Sumerians (Iraq) and hieroglyphics in Egypt
Give an example of a Famous Temple we studied in Class and an example of a famous Tomb we studied in Class.
Temple of Karnak and Pyramids of Giza
What is the purpose of painting & sculptures in the tombs?
To help the pharaoh live in the afterlife. The paintings on the wall showed the everyday life of Egyptians to guide the pharaoh in the afterlife. The sculptures were designed to be an alternative if the mummy was destroyed, then the pharaoh's soul could live in the sculptures
In which Kingdom where the Pyramids of Giza built and for how long were the pyramids of Giza the tallest structure in the world?
Old Kingdom and 4000 yrs
What is the difference between a Temple and a Tomb
A Temple is a place of worship, while a tomb is a place of burial
Give at least three benefits of Papyrus when compared to Clay Tablets
Use of Ink, Not Wet Clay, Transportation, Lasts longer in a Dry environment
Who were the three Pyramids of Giza built for, and the largest pyramids were dedicated to who?
Tomb for King Khufu, his son Khafre, and grandson Menkaure. Largest pyramids built for King Khufu
Give examples of Ancient Egyptian Astronomy Achievements
The Understanding Of Sirius Star, Eclipse, The Pyramids of Giza are an Architectural Marvel using Astronomy.
Name two misconceptions about Egyptian History
Scholars thought slaves built the pyramids but now they have found out that these were well-paid farmers who were honored to build the pyramids
Not all Pharaohs are buried in Pyramids. The age of the Great Pyramids ended in 2200 BCE. Later on, the Pharaohs carved massive tombs from large cliffs