Geography
Greek citizens lived in independent these throughout Greece
City-States
A type of government in which people rule themselves is called a what?
Democracy
Who was the God of the heavens and earth?
Zeus
Which Greek city-state is known for their education and government?
Athens
Euclid was known for focusing on this type of math and advancing it:
Geometry
People got around in Ancient Greece using what geographical feature?
Sea
Which type of people had power in an Oligarchy? Describe what they are like.
Aristocrats; Wealthy/Powerful cared for themselves
Who were Zeus’s two brothers and what were they the Gods of?
Poseidon: God of the sea, Hades: God of the underworld
Which city-state was known for their training in the military?
Sparta
What type of teaching allowed Greeks to think about the mind and how the world worked such as the Socratic Method and using reasoning?
Philosophy
Polis stands for what in Greek?
City-State
What is a tyrant and how did he get power?
A leader who held power through the use of force or gaining power by illegal means
Aphrodite, Ares, Hephaestus, and Athena were best known as gods and goddesses of what?
Aphrodite: Goddess of love and beauty, Ares: God of War/violence, Hephaestus: God of craftsmen/blacksmiths, and Athena: Goddess of wisdom and knowledge
What was the name of the battle in which Spartan Soldiers held off the forces of Xerxes of Persia? What war was this?
Battle of Thermopylae; Persian War
What were the two most important focuses of Hippocrates?
Focused on finding cures to diseases and how doctors should behave/treat their patients
City-States were separated by what and provide two ways it impacted the Greeks?
Mountains; Created separate cultures within their city-states and had them rely on the sea for trading
What are two of the three differences between the Athenian Direct Democracy and the American/Roman Representative Democracy?
Athenian: all citizens met as a group to debate and vote directly on an issue, no separation of powers (citizens controlled everything), only free male citizens could vote (women, slaves, and foreigners could not)
Representative: Citizens elect representatives to debate and vote on issues for them, separation of powers (citizens could not do everything, men and women who are citizens have the right to vote
What were the two reasons myths were created in Ancient Greece?
To explain why and how things happened in the world around them and for entertainment
What was the Peloponnesian War? Who fought in this war and why did it occur? What was the result?
Peloponnesian War: Fought between Athens and Sparta; After the Persian War: Athens began to gain power and take over land; Sparta defeats them and becomes most powerful city-state in Greece
Who were the two Greek leaders who led both Sparta and Athens in the Persian War?
Sparta: Leonidas
Athens: Themosticles
The fortress that stood on top of a high hill was called what? What was its purpose?
What was the name of the most famous building that stood upon the high hill in Athens?
Acropolis
Defending the city-state
Parthenon
Who was the elected leader in Greece who encouraged Athenians to spread democracy throughout all of the city-states in Greece?
Pericles
He wrote two of the most famous poems which are still taught in schools today about Heroes:, He is known for writing short stories that teach the reader lessons:, Provide an example of one
She was known for her emotional poems about relationships:
Name the writer and the type of writing they were known for
Homer, Epics (Iliad and Odyssey)
Aesop, Fables (Tortoise and the Hare/Boy Who Cried Wolf)
Sappho, Lyrics
Who are the immortals? What 3 leaders used the immortals?
Strong unit of soldiers for the Persian Army who looked as if they never died; Cyrus the Great, Darius, Xerxes
What were the biggest achievements of the philosophers Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle?
Socrates: the Socratic Method of asking questions(never stop searching for knowledge), Plato: The Academy where students, philosophers, and scientists discussed ideas, Aristotle: live life in moderation or balance