City-States and Government
What was the name of the small, independent city-states in Ancient Greece?
Polis.
Who was the king of the Greek gods and the god of the sky and storms?
Zeus.
What was the name of the war between Athens and Sparta that lasted from 431 to 404 BCE?
The Peloponnesian War.
What famous Greek poet wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey?
Homer.
What was the main economic activity in Ancient Greece?
Agriculture.
What was the name of the central square in a Greek city-state where people gathered to discuss important issues?
Agora.
What was the name of the goddess of love in Greek mythology?
Aphrodite.
Who was the Persian king who led the invasion of Greece in the second Persian War?
Xerxes I.
What were the three main crops grown in Ancient Greece, known as the Mediterranean triad?
Cereals (wheat and barley), grapes (for wine), and olives (for oil).
What three groups of people were non-citizens?
Foreigners, Women and Slaves
What type of government did Athens transition to, where citizens had a say in decision-making?
Democracy.
What mythical creature was half-human and half-horse?
Centaur.
What famous battle did the Spartans lose to the Persians, where King Leonidas led 300 Spartans?
The Battle of Thermopylae.
What were the three main architectural styles (orders) used in Greek temples?
Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian.
What were the silver coins called that the Greeks used for trade?
Drachmas.
What were the two main parts of a Greek city-state?
The lower area (where people lived) and the acropolis (a higher, protected area with temples).
Where did the Greeks believe the gods lived?
Mount Olympus.
What was the name of the alliance formed by Athens to protect against future Persian attacks?
The Delian League.
What famous Greek temple was built to honor the goddess Athena?
The Parthenon.
What was the name of the event held in honor of Zeus that involved all the Greek city-states?
The Olympic Games.
In Sparta, what was the name of the council made up of respected older citizens that created laws and handled justice?
Gerousia.
What was the name of the hero who completed the Twelve Labors?
Hercules.
Who was the Macedonian king who conquered the weakened Greek city-states after the Peloponnesian War?
Philip II of Macedon.
What was the name of one famous Greek theatre?
The Theatre of Epidaurus.
What were the three main institutions of Athenian democracy?
The Ecclesia (Assembly), the Boule (Council), and the magistrates.