Geography & Daily Life
This physical feature covers most of Greece’s mainland, isolated city-states and made political unity difficult.
Mountains
The Ancient Greeks practiced a religion with many gods. What is the term for a religion with multiple gods?
Polytheism
This poet is credited with writing the epic poems The Iliad and The Odyssey.
Homer
The Greek word for “rule by the people,” the system first developed in Athens is called this.
Democracy
Because almost all of Greece is within about 50 miles of the coast, many Greeks made their living from this
Sea trade / fishing / maritime trade
Name two of the Twelve Olympians.
Varying answers
Name one mathematical or scientific achievement credited to Archimedes.
Archimedes: invented the screw pump, worked with levers/pulleys, approximated pi, discovered principles of buoyancy ("Eureka"), or used mirrors as a heat ray.
In Athens’ early democracy, which groups were excluded from citizenship and voting? List two.
Women, Children, Slaves
Name one effect of Greece’s mild climate on daily life and public culture
People spent more time outside to socialize and discuss
Greek myths explained the world and taught lessons. Give one example of how a myth could explain a natural event or teach a moral lesson
A myth might explain lightning as Zeus throwing thunderbolts; or teach honesty by showing a hero punished for lying.
Who is known as the “Father of Geometry” whose work was used as a primary math textbook for centuries?
Euclid
Name the Athenian leader who ruled during the city’s Golden Age, promoted the arts, and rebuilt Athens after the Persian Wars.
Greeks needed more farmland than they had. What effect did the lack of fertile land have on Greek actions or policies?
Greeks looked for more land — leading to colonization and expansion (establishing colonies)
During the first centuries AD, another religion spread into Greek lands and later grew widely. Name that religion and give one century when its growth accelerated.
Christianity; growth accelerated in the 2nd–4th centuries (legalization after 313 AD)
Match the philosopher to a contribution: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle. (a) Taught by asking continuous questions and left no writings; (b) Founded the Academy and wrote The Republic; (c) Tutored Alexander the Great and emphasized observation.
Socrates = (a); Plato = (b); Aristotle = (c)
The three types of government BEFORE Democracy
Oligarchy, Tyranny, Monarchy
Explain how mountains and sea together shaped the development of independent city-states (polis) in Greece.
Mountains separated communities so independent city-states formed; the sea connected them via trade and travel, encouraging maritime economies and cultural exchange.
Describe briefly how Greek philosophers began to change the role of mythology in society.
Answers will vary
Explain the difference between sophists and philosophers like Socrates in ancient Greece.
Answers will vary
Arguably the most successful and well known ruler of Greece
Alexander the Great