Greek Terms & Definitions
Word for a Greek citizen foot soldier
Hoplite
preached to the Persians that they are free to choose between good and evil.
Zoroaster
Word meaning a city that has its own independent government
City-State / polis
Protective group of Greek city-states formed to defend Greece against Persia
Delian League
Unreliable method of keeping history alive when writing had stopped
Oral Tradition
Military formation where soldiers fight shoulder-to-shoulder
Phalanx
I ran to deliver news of victory at Marathon.
Pheidippides
Land mass surrounded by water on three sides
Peninsula
27-year conflict between Athens & Sparta l
Peloponnesian War
Story with a moral lesson, often with animals
Fable
Greek word for “high city” with a fortress
Acropolis
Leader during Athens' Golden Age.
Pericles
Kingdom to the north of Greece that conquered the city-states
Macedonia
What helped Sparta finally defeat Athens?
Used Persian gold to build ships & staged a blockade to cut off food
⏰ period when trade ⬇️, ppl fled mainland Greece, writing stopped
Dark Ages
Open-air marketplace and meeting place in Ancient Greece
Agora
King who created the Persian Empire.
Cyrus the Great
Word used by the Persians for a governor
Satrap
How did Athens' empire emerge after the Battle of Marathon?
Athens became more powertul, collected tribute, entered Golden Age
Word meaning "Greeks," referring to people who returned after the Dark Ages
Hellenes
A slave in the city-state of Sparta
Helot
Famous storyteller - wrote fables with moral lessons.
Aesop
In the Persian Empire, the division into provinces
Satrapy
What caused the PeloponnesianWar? Include connection to Proverbs 16:18
Athens abused other city-states, demanded tribute, pride led to conflict
Why was the Delian League important to Athens’ power?
It gave Athens money (tribute), power over other city-states, and helped build its empire