What architectural feature or element did the Greeks use that we still see a lot of today?
the column
100
Who were the two classes of people in ancient Rome?
patricians - wealthy landowners
plebeians - common farmers
200
What did the Greeks depend on for most of their trading?
seas
200
This is an open space where people came for business and public gatherings.
an agora
200
What were the three social groups in Sparta?
1. Citizens who lived in the city.
2. Free non-citizens who lived in nearby villages.
3. Helots - the lowest group.
200
What did Pericles do for Athens?
He made democracy stronger, expanded the empire, and made Athens more beautiful.
200
What kind of ruler was Caesar?
a dictator
300
What is a narrow strip of land that connects two larger pieces of land?
isthmus
300
A government that a king or queen rules.
monarchy
300
Describe the life of a boy in Sparta.
At seven a boy moved into military houses (barracks) to study discipline, duty, strength, and military skills. At age 20 he entered the army until age 60.
300
What do philosophers do?
Name three main Greek philosophers.
They study truths about the world (universe) using logic and reason.
Plato, Socrates, Aristotle
300
What type of government did ancient Rome have? Explain.
Tripartite republic: 3 branches of government
Legislative - makes the laws
Executive - enforces laws
Judicial - interprets the laws in court.
400
What is a peninsula?
a body of land surrounded on three sides by water.
400
What is a limited democracy?
Not all people could take part in the government; only free adult male citizens.
400
Which city-state, Sparta or Athens, had a better family life?
Why?
Athens had a stronger family life because the families lived together and wives were expected to keep the family and society strong. In Sparta boys lived away from home and the men were often away fighting.
400
What are the two forms of drama the Greeks invented?
Tragedy - a serious drama that tells the story of the main character's downfall.
Comedy - a funny story that usually made fun of politicians or important people.
400
What are the "Twelve Tables?"
similar to the U.S. constitution - it is a written document that states all the basic rights and duties for Roman citizens and is the basis for Roman laws.
500
Name three things that Greece produced.
olive oil, wine, wool, pottery
500
What's the difference between a direct democracy and an indirect democracy?
In a direct democracy all the citizens meet to decide on the laws while in an indirect democracy citizens elect representatives to make the laws.
500
What type of government did Athens have?
a direct limited democracy
500
Why were Herodotus and Thucydides important?
They were wrote down their history and examined it for facts and the importance of historical events.
500
What happened to Caesar and why?
He was assassinated because some senators were afraid he was becoming too powerful and would make himself king.