Ancient Greece and Rome
Explain how the city-states of Athens and Sparta were different.
Athens: valued education, democracy
Sparta: valued military culture, oligarchy
Who were the Romans fighting against in the Punic Wars?
Carthage
How and why did Julius Caesar die?
Assassinated by senators who wanted to get rid of him, because he was too powerful and dangerous
What religion was at first illegal, but spread rapidly throughout the Roman Empire and eventually became the state religion of Rome?
Christianity
When the people of a society elect their leaders by voting.
Democracy
Athens helped free the Greek city-states of Sardis and Militus from foreign rule. That foreign rule then traveled to Greece to get revenge, but after years of fighting, they were defeated by Athens and Sparta who had joined forces. What was this war called?
Persian War
What Carthaginian general marched war elephants to Rome and tried to conquer it?
Hannibal
What is the old name and name today of the place Julius Caesar conquered?
Gaul/France
Who founded Christianity?
Jesus of Nazareth
Someone who inherits the possessions of someone who has died, or becomes the king or queen after the former king or queen has died.
Heir
When Athens grew stronger during their Golden Age, Sparta formed an alliance with other city-states and attacked Athens. What was this war called?
Peloponnesian War
How did Julius Caesar gain power in the Roman Empire?
Advanced in military ranks, became consul, became dictator
Who was Julius Caesar's great nephew who became the first emperor of Rome?
Octavian/Caesar Augustus
What religion was founded 600 years after Christianity in the land of Arabia?
Islam
Someone who rules with complete control over a country; a dictatorship
What is the name of the land beside the Aegean Sea across from Greece that is called Turkey, today?
Asia Minor
What was the name of the eastern half of the Roman Empire that continued on after Rome and the western half fell?
Byzantine Empire
What is the name of the time of long peace because of what Caesar Augustus did for the empire, and what is its English translation?
Pax Romana - Roman Peace
What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire, and what is it called today?
Constantinople/Istanbul
Someone who plans or takes part with others in a crime.
Conspirator
Which group of people did the Romans rebel against, and borrow their building and military techniques from?
Etruscans
How was Caesar Augustus a different ruler than Julius Caesar?
Augustus was a better politician and Julius Caesar was a better military commander
Which Roman emperor made Christianity a legal religion?
Constantine
What Muslim empire conquered the Byzantine Empire?
Ottoman Empire
Relating to Greek language or culture.
Hellenistic